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This question is about associate scientist and biological scientist.
The minimum qualification you need to be a scientist is a four-year bachelor's degree within the specific field a person intends to work in. However, if a person wants to work independently or perform industrial research, a doctoral degree is often required.
A scientist must have extensive knowledge in one or more specialty areas. Scientists perform research, develop solutions to problems, and run experiments. All of this requires extensive study and experience in their field.
Additionally, most roles for scientists do not require state licensing or professional certifications to work in the field, although there are exceptions. For example, some physicists who work on sensitive government research may be required to hold a security clearance.
Even if your field doesn't require licensure or certifications, it is often a good idea to obtain credentials to show that advanced knowledge in the field.
For example, one credentialing organization is the Institute of Hazardous Materials Management, which certifies environmental scientists. Because this certification must be renewed every five years, it demonstrates that a scientist is up-to-date on the latest technology and developments in the field.

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