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Communications program manager job growth summary. After extensive research, interviews, and analysis, Zippia's data science team found that:
The projected communications program manager job growth rate is 12% from 2018-2028.
About 20,400 new jobs for communications program managers are projected over the next decade.
Communications program manager salaries have increased 8% for communications program managers in the last 5 years.
There are over 4,493 communications program managers currently employed in the United States.
There are 106,770 active communications program manager job openings in the US.
The average communications program manager salary is $85,031.
| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 4,493 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 4,476 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 4,494 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 4,305 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 4,074 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $85,031 | $40.88 | +3.6% |
| 2024 | $82,037 | $39.44 | +2.8% |
| 2023 | $79,802 | $38.37 | +1.9% |
| 2022 | $78,311 | $37.65 | --0.9% |
| 2021 | $79,020 | $37.99 | +1.8% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | District of Columbia | 693,972 | 814 | 117% |
| 2 | Washington | 7,405,743 | 2,994 | 40% |
| 3 | Delaware | 961,939 | 299 | 31% |
| 4 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 227 | 30% |
| 5 | Virginia | 8,470,020 | 2,050 | 24% |
| 6 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 304 | 23% |
| 7 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 245 | 23% |
| 8 | Montana | 1,050,493 | 241 | 23% |
| 9 | Massachusetts | 6,859,819 | 1,531 | 22% |
| 10 | Utah | 3,101,833 | 656 | 21% |
| 11 | Oregon | 4,142,776 | 830 | 20% |
| 12 | Colorado | 5,607,154 | 1,084 | 19% |
| 13 | Connecticut | 3,588,184 | 689 | 19% |
| 14 | Idaho | 1,716,943 | 322 | 19% |
| 15 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 165 | 19% |
| 16 | Maryland | 6,052,177 | 1,089 | 18% |
| 17 | Vermont | 623,657 | 112 | 18% |
| 18 | California | 39,536,653 | 6,574 | 17% |
| 19 | Nebraska | 1,920,076 | 328 | 17% |
| 20 | Maine | 1,335,907 | 221 | 17% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amherst | 3 | 8% | $78,898 |
| 2 | Mountain View | 1 | 1% | $92,408 |
| 3 | Rockville | 1 | 1% | $77,869 |
| 4 | Atlanta | 1 | 0% | $72,862 |

University of the Incarnate Word

Dominican University of California

Southern Illinois University

University of Colorado at Colorado Springs

Saint John's University

Penn State University, Brandywine
University of Missouri-St. Louis
Luther College

Morehouse College

Indiana University Northwest

University of the Incarnate Word
Randolph-Macon College

Calvin University

Purdue University

Midland University

University of West Georgia

Boston University

SUNY College at Oswego
Freed-Hardeman University

Utah Valley University

University of the Incarnate Word
Communication Arts
Dr. Trey Guinn: The field of communication(s) is like an enormous playground. The roles and responsibilities of professional communicators vary as much as playgrounds and the equipment they house. What seems universal is that communications managers work to advance a brand's image by developing and delivering intentional messages that effectively convey meaning with impact. Beyond that, these individuals work in various settings and perform a range of communicative tasks. Some have general oversight of an organization's internal and external communications, while others may have a narrower focus exclusively on liaising with media to gain purposeful exposure or manage crisis communication. Thus, while the role may seem straightforward, the truth is that the job description and responsibilities can vary greatly. This is important to note because the skills that should stand out on your resume must incorporate your knowledge of the industry and the nuance of the specific job to which you are applying. Sticking with our aforementioned metaphor, a hiring manager may need to know that you have a general understanding of all the toys on the playground but may be especially interested in how well you build sandcastles. Thus, it behooves you to make your resume speak to the job description. And moreover, when appropriate to do so, you would be wise to utilize language in the job description. If you are part of a "tiger team," but the job description calls for someone who has been part of a "high-performing team," accommodate your language for the reader, especially if your reader is a machine that may not be programmed to understand your jargon.
Dr. Trey Guinn: It goes without saying that a communications manager is expected to demonstrate exceptional verbal, nonverbal, and written communication. They should have in-depth knowledge of best writing and messaging practices for the needs of the particular organization and industry to which they have applied. But more than developing and delivering effective messaging, a savvy communications manager must effectively engage with individuals of all levels, whether internal or external to the organization. They must be able to lead and influence with and without positional authority.
Dr. Trey Guinn: In addition to education and experiences related to corporate and strategic communications, it is helpful to have a healthy working knowledge related to the industry to which they have applied. A communications manager in the tech industry should be well-versed in that technology. The same goes for oil and gas, consumer product goods, education, healthcare, etc. Beyond this, we find that organizations gravitate toward candidates with quantitative reasoning skills and an analytical mindset. So, if you have been avoiding courses and projects that require taking deep dives into data, now is the time to brush up!
Dr. Trey Guinn: Companies large and small, especially those offering impressive salary ranges, seek individuals who can go beyond the traditional definition of the role. Organizations are looking for communications managers who can work cross-functionally, employ quantitative reasoning to extract meaningful insights, and then utilize their emotional intelligence and interpersonal savvy to turn nuggets of data into compelling stories presented to senior leaders. They seek people who can lead projects from ideation and strategy phases through implementation and assessment. Best-in-class communications managers also exhibit tremendous ability to influence internal and external stakeholders, unlock potential, and drive value.

Dominican University of California
Communication and Media Studies
Bradley Van Alstyne Ph.D.: Stay current with distance communication platforms and become proficient at using them. For example, it would be wise to start developing interview skills using distance communication technologies and realize the differences between an onsite interview and a distance interview (eye contact and other interpersonal skills should translate from one-on-one to the camera).
Bradley Van Alstyne Ph.D.: Traditional Institutionalized (not just temporary) distance roles that were once thought of as onsite-only (human resources for example) will likely become distance-oriented whenever possible, the technologies we use for distance communication will probably become much more personalizable, training incorporating distance communication technologies will become a part of regular job trainings, distance communication skill sets could gradually augment or even replace some of the standards we taught for years.
Sort of Dale Carnegie meets Zoom or in other words the perfect presentation will no longer be as formal but should include personal, more human moments as we endeavor to make interpersonal connections online. Distance skill sets will gradually replace our old standards. For example eye contact during a formal presentation and eye contact via Zoom or other distance platforms is very different (from in-person group to camera).
Bradley Van Alstyne Ph.D.: I would recommend that graduates use that time to focus on creating a portfolio showing specific skills they think will put them ahead of other applicants. These can be universal (coding or graphic design for example) or specific to the type of job they want.

Southern Illinois University
School of Communication Studies
Justin Young: What I hear more and more is a desire for multi-skilled Communication Managers. In other words, it's not simply enough to have a background in PR, but often you'll wear many hats and might be asked to shoot a video with your phone, edit it on your desktop, and then post it across social media. So they're not just looking for video editing, or web content management, or social media, or article writing, or public speaking, but ideally, a little of them all.
Justin Young: Two big factors are affecting soft skill needs-diversity and remote work. As companies diversify, they need people who can deftly integrate diverse employees while keeping an open, understanding ear to those employees' needs. A background in intercultural communication and empathy is very useful here.
Along the same lines, COVID has forced many employees into remote work, and the truth is that some will never return to a traditional office schedule. Companies need communicators who can build those team dynamics when the team might be scattered across five states. Again, it's about listening to the needs and understanding that a video chat meeting is less about the tech and more about interpersonal communication and teamwork.
Justin Young: I would say it's less important that someone knows the latest video editing software than they have a sound understanding of film theory. I'm more concerned that someone shooting a 30-second clip for Instagram understands how to compose a shot than they necessarily know how to integrate visual effects. That basic idea is true across the board. Technology is shifting so rapidly today that a core understanding of the principles of design, composition, and even something like UX allows a young person straight out of college to adapt over the next five years as a lot of their physical tech may phase out of use.
18-year-olds aren't using Twitter anymore, but a fundamental understanding of how algorithms work will translate to newer social platforms such as Tik-Tok.
Justin Young: Straight out of school, some of those hard skills might give you a leg up on that first job. However, long-term, I think soft skills like teamwork, problem-solving, adaptability, and simply interpersonal skills will advance you further. The most successful people I see tend to be good with people as well as willing to listen and learn. Some people can fake these skills to advance, but the organization usually suffers in the long-term, as do they financially.

University of Colorado at Colorado Springs
Department of Communication
Sherry Morreale Ph.D.: Stephen Colbert, actor, comedian, and TV host, graduated with a B.A. in Communication, as did Howard Shultz, the Executive Chairman of Starbucks, Carrie Underwood, country music singer, Peyton Manning, retired NFL football player, Oprah Winfrey, former talk show host and producer, and Spike Lee, director, producer, and actor. Less well known but successful communication graduates also include Robert Lampley, Assistant Director of the Office of Civil Rights at Central Michigan University, Jessica Berlin, Social Marketing Manager of Yahoo, Brandon Weathers, Analyst/Federal Government Contractor, Ashley Kronsell, Communication Specialist at Advanced Vehicle Technology Competition, and Sierra Lowe, Regulatory Communications Coordinator at Cook Medical Group (National Communication Association, 2021a).
This impressive list highlights just a few of the many highly productive people with Communication degrees who are now employed in a range of interesting positions. Clearly, a degree in Communication opens the door to a wide variety of employment opportunities. That is because communication itself is ubiquitous - it is everywhere. But we need to clarify exactly what communication skills are needed, given this wide array of jobs and careers. This brief commentary presents three diverse sources of information about those important communication skills.
1. The results of a national study that highlights exactly what aspects of Communication, and therefore Communication Education, are considered critically important to everyone's personal and professional success in life.
2. Employers' expectations about their communication knowledge and skills in college graduates would like to see.
3. A summary of learning outcomes for communication graduates was developed by the National Communication Association.
Sherry Morreale Ph.D.: A very recent analysis of 82 million job postings uncovered a critical demand by employers for what often is referred to as durable skills (America Succeeds, 2021). By contrast to hard skills, durable skills, sometimes referred to as soft skills, comprise important professional capabilities (Leadership, Critical Thinking, Communication, etc.) and personal qualities (Creativity, Mindfulness, Fortitude, etc.) that last throughout a person's entire career. In this analysis, two key findings are:
-In the job postings, the top five durable skills were requested nearly four (3.8) times more than the top five hard skills.
-Also, Communication and Leadership were in the highest demand, requested by 50+% of postings. These two durable (soft) skills sets include the following specific knowledge and skills.
A third durable skill or competency identified in the job postings, closely related to Leadership and Communication, is Collaboration. The Collaboration knowledge and skills connected to Communication and Leadership are interpersonal communications, coordinating, teamwork, team-oriented, team leadership, collaboration, team building, cooperation, and virtual teams.

Saint John's University
Mass Communication
Nancy DiTunnariello Ph.D.: One of the best skills a Communication Manager can hold is taking charge during stressful situations yet still managing their team. A great manager will understand that they must delegate work to others on their team to get things accomplished. Utilizing and helping to cultivate the strengths of others on your team is an excellent skill to have and a true asset to your organization. One strong and capable employee is great; however, an entire team of them is even better.
Nancy DiTunnariello Ph.D.: Be personable! During the interview process, individuals are so focused on being "professional" that they forget to show potential employers who they really are. YOU are what sets you apart from other applicants. Also, employers want to see if your personality is a good fit with the company culture and the colleagues/clients you would be working with. Plus, would you want to work for an organization where you have to pretend and assume a false persona all day?
Nancy DiTunnariello Ph.D.: A hard/technical skill important in communication is to be aware of applications and programs used within your field and at least have some experience working with them. For example, if you are in advertising, be familiar with applications used in the ad and copy creation process. Or, if you are in tv/film, be familiar with editing applications like Adobe Premiere and Final Cut. This is why really jumping into your coursework pre-career is so important; you can take the time to explore and learn to use important software and applications that will tie to your future career.
Nancy DiTunnariello Ph.D.: One of the characteristics that help you earn the most is your experience when searching for a job. Employers like to see that you have previous experience working in the field - especially if you have been working with other organizations in the same market. For example, suppose you are applying for a job in public relations at an agency specializing in entertainment PR, and you have had other positions in entertainment PR in the past. In that case, the hiring organization knows you are familiar with journalists and already have contacts in this market. This is why college programs really REALLY advocate for internships in the field before graduation. Any way you can get experience in the field that you plan to go into helps provide you with references who can speak on your abilities in the field and help you work on skills you will be utilizing throughout your entire career. More experience often equates to more money.

Penn State University, Brandywine
Communications Department
Hans Schmidt Ph.D.: It is important to have a wide range of communication skills -from effectively participating in and leading meetings to write in style appropriate for the setting to media productions skills. When people move into the "manager" role, of course, this entails having developed a broad awareness of the culture at that particular organization and the skills needed to lead a group of people. So, really, skills related to communication touch on a wide range of job functions and responsibilities.
Hans Schmidt Ph.D.: I know that "soft skills" is commonly used, but I'm not a fan of the term. I think it implies that some of these skills are "soft" or "easy" or "unimportant." They aren't. In many ways, so-called "soft skills" - things like interpersonal communication skills - can be among the most important skills for any worker. This is especially the case in communication-related fields, where there is an expectation that human interaction - both in-person and mediated - is important. This is true with leadership skills and presentation/speaking skills.
Hans Schmidt Ph.D.: Having the ability to write well is important in most knowledge-based fields today. It is especially critical in any communication-related field of job specialization. Otherwise, the specific technical skills are important variations between the particular company and/or job expectations. Some fields use proprietary software that one typically learns about once one starts the job. Some fields require media production competencies - related to basic video production, audio production, imaging or photography, or even web design/management. The important thing is to develop a general competency with technology - and to learn how to learn. That allows you to pivot to develop new skills in different situations and roles.
Hans Schmidt Ph.D.: There are so many variables here. For one thing, market needs are constantly changing. Similarly, there is a wide range of salaries between different employers. This is why it is so important to, again, "learn how to learn." That enables you to be adaptable, flexible, and capable of adjusting to different environments. Also, it emphasizes why the development of fundamental communication skills related to spoken communication, written communication, and - today - mediated communication are so important. You can take these skills and specialize them in any number of ways.
University of Missouri-St. Louis
Information Systems Department
Vicki Sauter Ph.D.: The most important trend is that we are all going to have problems going back to work. We are accustomed to the flexibility, the clothing trends, etc. If that is true, employers need to look for self-starters and self-motivators who can be productive home workers.
In terms of disciplines, I think the new hot jobs will be in supply chains and cybersecurity. We have certainly seen the impact of breaks in the supply chains and breaks into our computing files. We will all need to think along these lines: "How can we be sure our computers are safe when many people are not very good at keeping passwords and other security mechanisms? Is your system secure?"
Luther College
Communication Studies Department
Sarah Wilder Ph.D.: That's an interesting question for a degree like Communication Studies that doesn't have a designated career like other fields. Some positions of our recent graduates include anchor, producer, occupational therapist, director of career development, attorney at law, librarian, graduate student, social worker, marketing manager, and director of training, to name a few. So really what certifications or licenses are helpful will be position/career specific. As far as courses, I recommend a breadth of courses that prepare individuals to interact and communicate competently as well as think critically. This could mean taking an interpersonal communication course to better understand the nuances of truly empathic, competent communication with others, particularly in a diverse workforce, to taking a course on argumentation to better understand how to effectively present ideas and critically interact with a larger society's positions on complicated ideologies.

Matthew Lange Ph.D.: Specific credentials are often a prerequisite to a particular career path. In the field of education, primary- and secondary-school teachers need licensure in their state of employment to teach in public schools, and those requirements are covered in the undergraduate education program. If one moves to another state, however, the new state's Department of Education (or Public Instruction) has to grant new licensure in its state. In contrast, professors and instructors at the post-secondary level require no teaching credentials. Instead, the college or university stipulates a PhD, MA or even simply BA.
The vast majority of German majors/minors learn the language and culture to apply that knowledge to their primary field of study, most often in business or the sciences, to expand their work, study, and research options. Some opportunities have minimum language proficiency expectations, however. Instead of taking applicants self-evaluations of language proficiency (the term "fluent" means different things to different people), employers can rely on standardized tests such as the Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) or Writing Proficiency Test (WPT), which were developed by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). German language programs aim to produce graduates with proficiency at the intermediate-high or advanced-low on the ACTFL scale, which ranges from novice-low to distinguished, since that is simultaneously the expected minimum set by the respective state Department of Education for teaching licensure. One can also look beyond the US border to various tests at the Goethe Institut, which evaluate the four modalities of listening, reading, speaking, and writing. These tests evaluate according to the Common European Reference Framework (CERF) that ranges from A1 to C2. German universities require B1 on the CERF scale to enroll directly in university.
Most important for a well-rounded education, of course, is a study abroad experience. By being "a stranger in a strange land" one develops negotiation techniques and problem-solving skills when dealing with linguistically- and culturally-ambiguous situations. Studies have shown that study and work abroad increases creativity and flexibility, which are crucial for personal and professional growth.

Indiana University Northwest
Department of Communication
Dorothy Ige Campbell: A bachelor's degree in Communication is considered ideal for non-academic jobs. For undergraduate degrees, a Communication degree paired with a Minor (such as Business) can be ideal, and that has not changed. Those who wish to teach Communication in secondary schools often complete a four-year degree with a major in Education which stresses teaching methods and childhood development, with an emphasis in Communication. Courses in Drama and English also help secondary teacher preparation in Communication.
For graduate education and academic faculty positions in higher education, a Masters in Communication or a related field for part-time teaching for Junior College teaching of Communication courses is usually required. A Ph. D. is usually required for tenure-track, full-time faculty positions in Communication. Courses in statistical research, theory, then specialty Communication courses (such as Health, Religious or Strategic Communication, and so on) are usually required. At all levels, there is an increased emphasis on diversity in the curriculum.

Taylor Collins Ph.D.: The pandemic has largely accelerated and amplified many labor market trends that were already
underway. We're seeing markets consolidating, more remote work settings, and more automated
processes. Moving forward, there are likely to be fewer small business job openings while corporate
positions should significantly grow. Graduates should also expect that they will no longer be competing
solely with other local graduates for entry-level jobs. Labor market competition is going to continue to
become more national, or even international.
The pandemic also seems to have accelerated the rate of AI investment, with research by Stanford's
2021 AI Index Report finding that total global investment in artificial intelligence increased by 40% in
2020. This doesn't necessarily mean that jobs for business economics students will disappear however,
as strong job growth over the next decade is projected in many fields hiring our graduates. But it does
mean that much of the work may look different. Employers will be looking for more than just plug and
run data junkies. Workers who can support the power of automation are likely to find stable job
prospects, and that requires competence in creative problem solving, the capacity to critically analyze
and interpret data outputs, and a social skillset that will facilitate large scale collaboration and
teamwork.
Randolph-Macon College
Film Studies Program
M. Thomas Inge Ph.D.: When I graduated from Randolph-Macon College in 1959, I was one of 600 students. I wanted to be a writer and literary critic, but the closest thing we had were majors in the liberal arts. Majors in English and Spanish opened my world view, but today more than 1200 view for places in the sciences and technology. Randolph-Macon has become a mega-college and conveyor of the latest information and research like no other in the United States. Books and language work side by side in laboratories and with computers to provide the best education possible.
"What can you do with a degree in the novel or medieval studies?" Just about anything if you attend a school that takes a full perspective on life.
M. Thomas Inge Ph.D.: We learn from the textbooks of life and practice. What employers look for are students who not only reflect current knowledge but move it beyond to new frontiers.

LaShone Manuel: Some skills graduates should possess will be excellent communication skills (written, verbal). Persistence, relating to determination and hard work ethic. And lastly, I recommend students expand on their technical skills.

Alice Johnson: The pandemic prompted teacher exodus have left teacher job vacancies wide open. I do not believe graduates who become certified will have difficulty securing jobs. Graduates who are culturally competent and can provide effective learning experiences across lines of difference will be in even higher demand.
Alice Johnson: As the Indiana legislature continues to disregard public schools and divert educational resources to private and public charter schools, teacher pay has stayed stagnant over the past 10 years in Indiana with the expectation for the pay gap between other states and careers to widen even further over the next several years.

Dr. George Conrad: In education the pandemic has created two major trends, since last March.
The use of technology to provide effective lessons for students through virtual classes has been a challenge for teachers. One issue is in the technology itself. Teachers most often must rely on their own computers and notebooks along with their own home internet networks to deliver instruction. This issue is coupled with the availability of the internet and with computers and notebooks available to students.
Even if the technology is provided, teachers must find ways to engage students with meaning full lessons and ways to assess student learning. To gage learning and to monitor and adjust student engagement takes far more planning.
Finally, teacher training institutions need to help future teachers with understanding and applying new uses for technology based instruction. This can be difficult as different districts adopt different types of delivery systems.The good news for future teacher graduates is that, if they are willing and comfortable to master technology skills along with content knowledge, more and more teaching positions will be available.
Most all states have a teacher retirement system and retirement amounts increase with the number of years of service. In my experience, most practicing teachers teach beyond the minimum years needed to "retire." As a result of the pandemic, and the fear of contracting Covid, more and more teachers that I have contact with are looking seriously at retiring sooner than originally planned. This may change with the use of vaccines, but, again, this is good news for future teacher graduates. I predict that more and more teachers will be retiring and providing more an more positions available to new graduates.
Dr. George Conrad: In my past experience as an HR administrator and superintendent, skills tend to be measured by experiences. If a new graduate can demonstrate that they have had a number of experiences with children in AND outside the classroom, they will appear to be a stronger candidate. Endorsements are also important. For example, when working with candidates who are seeking an endorsement in elementary education, I encourage them to also consider supplemental endorsements in areas such as special education, early childhood, or English a second language. This makes them more marketable.
While difficult to reflect on a resume, finding ways to illustrate their dispositions is also important. Teaching is far more than skills. How does a candidate show that they have empathy or a desire to make a difference in their students' lives? Many school districts in Nebraska are familiar with the use of Gallup's CliftonStrengths (the new term for StrengthFinder). As a result, candidates who can provide their 5 top strengths on a resume, draws additional attention.
Dr. George Conrad: As the population of teachers begin to age, more and more positions are becoming available. As we continue to see population growth in Southwestern States, teaching positions will continue to grow.
The real answer for future candidates is their willingness to teacher high large metropolitan cities and rural communities. Most large cities are surrounded with suburban school districts. With the movement to a suburban live style, more and more cities deal with student populations of color and with more than average poverty. If a candidate is willing to consider this challenge, they can find highly rewarding careers. This is especially true for candidates of color.
On the other side of the population movement, more and more rural areas are seeing a reduction in students and also seeing a reduction in the number of new teachers interested in moving to small communities to begin their career. As a result, candidates interested in work in "small town" American can find rewarding opportunities to build relationships with students and families (I started my career in a 3-room country school in the 70's and I originally came from outside Chicago).

University of West Georgia
Department of Early Childhood Through Secondary Education
Dr. Robyn Huss: Yes, there will be an enduring impact of the coronavirus pandemic on graduates of teacher education programs. Though 2020 will be remembered as the year of the pandemic and global lockdowns, it will also be remembered as the year education moved online for all grade levels.
In teacher preparation programs at the University of West Georgia, candidates take a series of courses with field experiences. Many interns began learning to teach online as soon as the lockdowns occurred in March 2020, and since then through their accompanying coursework, there has been a more intentional approach to preparing candidates with digital resources to enhance their teaching. Candidates are placed in schools where digital learning occurs, and they have field experiences developing instruction, engaging students in activities, and assessing learning outcomes under the mentorship of a cooperating teacher, within school buildings as well as via online learning platforms. In the fall of 2020, most public school districts in Georgia began offering both in-person and online options for students, so it is a benefit that teacher candidates are able to practice teaching in both modalities, including some who experience hybrid classrooms.
The scope of digital learning will decrease as more K-12 students return to school buildings full time. However, the capabilities and variety of online instructional resources and student engagement models that the pandemic forced into an accelerated implementation will endure, and teaching and learning will be better for it. Teachers will adapt to the choices that have been made available with their recent experiences in digital instruction, which will enable them to be more responsive to the learning needs of their students, both with and without the use of technology.
Dr. Robyn Huss: Public school teachers in Georgia, as in many states, are paid on a set salary schedule determined by their years of teaching experience and their highest degree achievement. Earning a graduate degree at the next level is the quickest route to a pay raise, which in turn increases their retirement benefits.

V. Scott Solberg Ph.D.: The information and computer technology and health sciences sectors are two promising future employment arenas to consider. Within information and computer technology, data science skills are in high demand. For both information and computer technology and health sciences there are a range of certifications one can receive from a two-year postsecondary institution that lead to high wage occupations. The new byword is "stackable credentials" whereby one adds more than one credential that results in a wider range of occupational opportunities as well as the ability to move up in pay within a given sector.

SUNY College at Oswego
School of Education
Angela Perrotto: For the most part, leaders should stay in their position long enough to be certain systems are in place. Every system, of course, is centered upon increasing opportunities for students to be successful and identifying and removing any obstacles that may be hindering that for every student. Once this is accomplished (generally 4-6 years), educational leaders build their own trajectory which is derived from a knowledge of knowing they can impact an even larger number of students. It is a common understanding that through the course of an educational leader's years of service, there is a long range plan to take on more job responsibilities that include more students, more community partnerships, more advocacy, more operations. It is common to see the employment history of an administrator progress from assistant principal, to principal, to director, to assistant superintendent, and to superintendent (or some form of these titles along the way).
Kristen Roberson: That depends on the role they are in, but the big hurdle is going to be landing that first role. They need to be willing to shift their plans, be ready to try contract or project-based work. No matter where they land, the ability to self-manage will be more critical than before 2020 since more work will be remote and much more video conferences, and a lot less travel.

Utah Valley University
UVU School of Aviation Sciences
Michael Hollister: It is difficult to predict whether or not there will be an "enduring impact," since we are still enduring the challenges presented by this pandemic. While the aviation industry routinely experiences financial turbulence, an industry that usually is the first to feel the effects of a declining economy, and the last to feel the effects of a good one, it generally seems to find a way to recover and continue, though never without some sort of casualty in the form of an airline or other related business. Aviation, and particularly the airline segment (to include cargo airlines) are the life-blood of our modern world, and the mass-transit of the twenty-first century. There is no other form of transportation that can do what the airplane can do, and from this standpoint, it is an indispensable asset. Even in the midst of economic turmoil, industry giants like Boeing are forecasting an increase in demand across multiple aerospace disciplines through 2039. When it comes to our graduates, while nothing is ever a sure thing, the industry has historically proven itself to be resilient.
Michael Hollister: The best advice I received from a former airline pilot and professor of mine was to "Keep improving yourself . . . even after you have earned your Bachelor's degree, go on and get a Masters degree. Keep improving yourself."
Realistically, furthering one's education is perhaps the best way to increase value and marketability, which is, after all, what someone's earning potential is really based on. One's marketability (not being a one-trick pony, also see "versatility") and how valuable one is perceived to be by their employer, will directly influence earning potential and longevity.
I've also learned that furthering one's education need not exclusively mean college degrees and certificates, though they are, of course, important. Value, marketability and versatility can certainly come from a variety of experiences and activities that extend beyond the walls of a college or university. Knowing how to utilize such experiences and other acquired skills, and then applying them toward a field of study that is of interest to an individual will be of great value too, but will require some thoughtful planning.
Lastly, I think an individual's personality has a great impact on one's perceived value and worth to an employer/company. An individual who is positive, a team player, one who offers solutions to problems, rather than just complaining, will go a long way. This, I have found, to be a universal truth regardless of the profession or occupation.