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| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 333 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 318 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 307 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 420 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 416 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $70,451 | $33.87 | +3.4% |
| 2024 | $68,130 | $32.75 | +2.3% |
| 2023 | $66,587 | $32.01 | +0.5% |
| 2022 | $66,235 | $31.84 | +1.2% |
| 2021 | $65,447 | $31.46 | +1.7% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | District of Columbia | 693,972 | 405 | 58% |
| 2 | Vermont | 623,657 | 227 | 36% |
| 3 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 240 | 32% |
| 4 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 1,665 | 30% |
| 5 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 360 | 27% |
| 6 | Delaware | 961,939 | 261 | 27% |
| 7 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 238 | 27% |
| 8 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 155 | 27% |
| 9 | Nebraska | 1,920,076 | 484 | 25% |
| 10 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 266 | 25% |
| 11 | North Carolina | 10,273,419 | 2,457 | 24% |
| 12 | Iowa | 3,145,711 | 756 | 24% |
| 13 | Idaho | 1,716,943 | 419 | 24% |
| 14 | Arizona | 7,016,270 | 1,595 | 23% |
| 15 | Massachusetts | 6,859,819 | 1,575 | 23% |
| 16 | Indiana | 6,666,818 | 1,502 | 23% |
| 17 | Missouri | 6,113,532 | 1,348 | 22% |
| 18 | Kansas | 2,913,123 | 651 | 22% |
| 19 | Alaska | 739,795 | 166 | 22% |
| 20 | Ohio | 11,658,609 | 2,441 | 21% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Martinez | 2 | 5% | $101,086 |
| 2 | Iowa City | 2 | 3% | $71,596 |
| 3 | Ann Arbor | 1 | 1% | $67,623 |
| 4 | Clearwater | 1 | 1% | $62,299 |
| 5 | Little Rock | 1 | 1% | $63,920 |
| 6 | Baltimore | 1 | 0% | $70,371 |
| 7 | Chicago | 1 | 0% | $73,931 |
| 8 | Phoenix | 1 | 0% | $77,631 |
| 9 | Washington | 1 | 0% | $78,982 |

UMass Lowell
Merrimack College
University of Cincinnati Clermont College
University of Washington
University of Southern Maine
Western Kentucky University
John Jay College of Criminal Justice of the City University of New York
University of California, Santa Cruz
University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Coastal Carolina University
Drexel University
Molloy College
New Jersey Institute of Technology
St. Mary's College of Maryland
University of Iowa
Wake Forest University
Indiana University Kokomo
Prairie View A & M University

UMass Lowell
Department of Marketing, Entrepreneurship & Innovation
Michael Ciuchta Ph.D.: Obviously we are seeing a tremendous increase in AI and other digital technologies. These will become a more crucial skill set for many careers going forward. But I wouldn't downplay the role of what are traditionally seen as soft skills like empathy, communications, and judgment. Not only can these distinguish you from robots but from your human competitors as well.
Michael Ciuchta Ph.D.: If all you want is the highest potential starting salary, then you should aim for careers that offer them. But that is a shortsighted way to view things. For example, many careers that have tournament-like pay structures (think entertainment) often have very low starting salaries but the so-called winners enjoy outsized financial gains. If you are thinking about a more traditional career, I think it's important to make sure you are more valuable to your employer than they are to you. This means you have to market yourself, both to your current employer as well as to potential ones. Of course, this approach may not be for everyone and maximizing your salary potential is only one thing you should be considering when assessing job and career opportunities.
Melissa Zimdars: To remember that you're going to learn a lot on the job and that failure is part of the learning process. It's okay to ask questions and to not know things, but you must be willing to take feedback, adjust, and grow.
Melissa Zimdars: - The ability to communicate effectively is an evergreen skill that only seems to be getting more important as the number of ways we communicate with each other, our supervisors, and with clients or outside stakeholders keeps expanding. - The ability to adapt to and learn how to navigate new technologies and platforms.
University of Cincinnati Clermont College
Communication Disorders Sciences And Services
Fawen Zhang PhD: This is perfect! Thank you so much. We will be sure to feature your response in the article and send a draft over for your review before we promote it.
Fawen Zhang PhD: This is perfect! Thank you so much. We will be sure to feature your response in the article and send a draft over for your review before we promote it.
Victor Menaldo: Develop oral communication skills that allow you to speak in an articulate manner and organize your thoughts to signal your competence, knowledge, work ethic, and willingness to keep learning and improving.
University of Southern Maine
Specialized Sales, Merchandising And Marketing Operations
Tove Rasmussen: Tove Rasmussen advises graduates beginning their career in the field to...
Tove Rasmussen: Tove Rasmussen believes that the skills that will become more important and prevalent in the field in the next 3-5 years are...
Timothy Rich PhD: Think about the types of jobs that interest you and the skills necessary for those jobs early. So many students start thinking about post-graduation life spring their senior year, when it should be an incremental process much earlier. Another pieces of advice would be to talk to faculty and alum about your interests, find internship or research opportunities when possible, and try to figure out early your strengths and weaknesses. It's easy for students, especially high performing ones, to not fully consider what their weaknesses are. I encourage students to jot down what they see as their skills too and to share them with others. It helps them to identify what's a common skill versus something that might make them stick out.
John Jay College of Criminal Justice of the City University of New York
Ethnic, Cultural Minority, Gender, And Group Studies
Professor Shonna Trinch Ph.D.: Being able to negotiate a salary is also a skill that students need to learn and one that is rarely taught in college. Students need to be able to ask for more than they are offered, but also take jobs at entry levels, prove themselves and then ask for an increase in pay six months into the job after they have shown that they are doing the work and achieving their goals.
Stephanie Lain Ph.D.: Look for a unionized job, preferably in a large institution where there is room for job growth. For students trained in linguistics, there are also often opportunities to work in tech, so this might be something to explore.
Stephanie Lain Ph.D.: I would advise graduates to be open to considering jobs in lots of different fields. The skills acquired through their major- such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and writing- are ones that transfer well to a variety of situations.
Dr. Paige Novak P.E. (Minnesota), BCEE: Ask questions, stay curious and open minded, take opportunities to learn and develop new skills.
Dr. Paige Novak P.E. (Minnesota), BCEE: The so-called 'soft skills' have already become more important and will continue to be important for successfully interacting with clients, the public, and other stakeholders. A familiarity and comfort with AI is also likely to be more and more important in the field.
Dr. Paige Novak P.E. (Minnesota), BCEE: Get experience on a lot of different projects, say 'yes' to learning and development opportunities, and take the PE when you are able.
Coastal Carolina University
Intelligence, Command Control And Information Operations
Mark Chandler: If you go into the government, you will be limited to the standard government salary. If you go into the private sector, you will start on a lower pay scale (without experience), but have the potential to exceed the government pay structure a few years into you career. Higher education will provide assistance a few years after graduation (with a BA), but won’t result in significant salary bumps. The more experience you gain, the more marketable you become.
Mark Stehr PhD: At the start of your career, it's very important to land a role where you learn a lot and find good mentors. The additional skills will pay dividends as your career progresses.
Michael Rosino PhD: One thing that I always emphasize to students is to confidently craft your story when applying for jobs and preparing materials. While it may feel uncomfortable to come off as confident, it is important not to downplay your skills and experience. So, my advice is to think deeply about why you would be a good fit for each job and to highlight the concrete skills and experiences you have gained - especially in terms of topical background, technical acumen with specific software or methodologies or research/writing skills. Secondly, I suggest looking at which fields are in high demand. While it is not always possible because people may have geographic constraints, considering as many wide opportunities in all kinds of places can also be beneficial. Two other pieces of advice which may be more relevant to those a bit further on would be to negotiate when you are offered a mid-level or professional job and to ask for benefits and salary and to consider going back to gain additional education such as a Master's degree to qualify for higher-paying and more prestigious jobs.
Mary Rodena-Krasan Ph.D.: A degree in German Studies is extraordinarily flexible, giving you a skill set that makes you suitable to a variety of fields. Be open to every opportunity and never underestimate the skill sets learning a new language has afforded you - cross-cultural competence, interlinguistic technological adeptness, problem solving, information analysis, and critical thinking. Employers want someone they don't have to hand-hold. Studying a foreign language requires a lot of self-initiative - apply that to every assignment at the job and don't be afraid to suggest approaches! Your ability to undertake something new and be successful has already been proven by your German studies degree!
Michael Smullen: Make yourself uncomfortable. Early graduates find success later on by seeking out numerous challenges: how to respectfully ask questions in a business setting, how to cultivate personal and professional confidence, how to create or expand their professional network, how to chart a course for their career and personal aspirations, and how to maintain a healthy work-life balance. Each of these demands stepping beyond one's comfort zone and engaging in unfamiliar actions. It's not merely about setting intentions; it entails embracing novel experiences solely for the sake of growth. Whether it's attending a seminar on home-buying or participating in a networking event, reaching out to a manager for guidance on enhancing value, or reflecting deeply on personal fulfillment, pushing oneself through discomfort will foster mental agility and resilience. Recent graduates should pay close attention to the danger complacency may signify overlooking crucial opportunities that could lead to future regret.
Dr. Kristina Howansky: Framing is everything! You likely have 'project management' experience if you worked as a research assistant. If you received a grant for your senior thesis, that's 'managing a budget.' Consider your experiences in an academic or research setting and how they might be reframed to fit the context of a corporate environment. Get as close as you can to the position you ultimately want to obtain. If you want to be a therapist, volunteer in the wellness center. If you want to be a professor, TA for a course or work as a research assistant. If you want to work in a corporate setting, get an internship in market research. This will allow you to determine whether you would enjoy the actual day-to-day of those positions and will get you mentors/recommendation letters from folks who know the right terminology to use.
Kayla Jackson PhD: Supplemental opportunities that allow you to continue or grow your own skills in program evaluation can help you maximize your earning potential. For example, taking on extra teaching or consulting opportunities is wonderful for continuing your professional growth and can be a stepping stone to job advancement.
Dr. Mark Evans: Add value beyond what you are asked to do. Take ownership of your work. Volunteer for the most difficult jobs and clients.
Dr. Mark Evans: Don't stop learning. Treat your first job like more graduate school. Learn everything you can.
Dr. Travis Gagen: My advice is twofold, know your worth and polish your soft skills. Knowing your worth involves being knowledgeable about how your compounded educational, professional, and lived experiences have prepared you for full-time employment. These might be considered the hard skills that you bring to the workplace. Prior to starting your career, give thought to what skills and knowledge areas you’ve honed during your educational and professional journey and don’t be shy to lead with those strengths. In today’s employment market, employers want to know what you offer and how that can enhance their mission. Thinking critically about how your own experience translates to practice in the workplace can set you apart from others while demonstrating to your team that you are self-knowledgeable. Having humility goes a long way, too. Being strengths-based does not have to be bombastic, but rather an opportunity to identify areas of learning and growth from your team. This is where soft skills have been and remain imperative in the workplace. Soft skills are character traits and interpersonal skills that make for a well-balanced employee. Being able to know when to take the lead versus when to follow and assist, for example. Developing soft skills may take time, but being open to feedback from peers is a great way to get a pulse check on how you’re doing. Employers need to be confident that you are an effective communicator, especially in an outward facing industry that serves clients. Soft skills can be learned. I encourage any new employee to take advantage of networking events, public speaking opportunities, and social events that can help you hone your interpersonal connections with others.
Dr. Travis Gagen: Start small. During your education, set yourself up with an entry-level job in the health science and/or human services field(s). As the director of the pre-medical/health profession scholars at a small private college, I often talk with students about transitioning into a para-professional job around sophomore year. Examples might include getting trained as a certified nursing assistant, emergency medical technician, or phlebotomist. Not only will this enhance your educational experience through connecting theory to practice, but it will accumulate real-life experience that can be directly transferable to the next, higher paying position.
Dr. Travis Gagen: You will need to be an evidence-based practitioner. This is particularly relevant in the health science and human service industries. If you pursue these fields in formal education, take an interest and investment to know that you will be using evidence-based practice in almost any setting within health science and human services. Organizations are accountable to governing boards – and those board members want to know the data. Having skills in both evidence-based qualitative and quantitative methods will position you well to tackle challenging questions seamlessly. Having familiarity with data analysis software is one concrete way to demonstrate to employers that you are prepared and ready to tackle projects where your end product is informed from an evidence-based approach. Taking courses in biostatistics, epidemiology, evidence-based healthcare, as examples, can introduce you to evidence-based skills and equip you with the skills to offer solutions to complex 21st-century challenges.
Ghadah Alshuwaiyer PhD, CHES®: I advise recent graduates to seek professional development opportunities under the guidance of an experienced mentor to help them achieve their desired career goals. Building a robust professional network and seeking interdisciplinary collaborations are also important.
Ghadah Alshuwaiyer PhD, CHES®: Candidates should consider pursuing advanced degrees or certifications that align with their career goals. They must also consistently commit to pursuing professional development and negotiate a starting salary based on their unique skills and current market trends.
Ghadah Alshuwaiyer PhD, CHES®: In the next 3-5 years, digital literacy and understanding of how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used in health-related applications and medical devices will become increasingly important in the health field.
Prairie View A & M University
Health Services/Allied Health/Health Sciences
Catherine Kisavi-Atatah Ph.D.: There are several strategies you can use to optimize your salary potential in health and public
health. Some of those strategies include but are not limited to:
1. Obtain your bachelor’s degree: Graduating with either a bachelors or masters in the
field is essential. Also, consider getting additional certifications in your field of study.
For example, students can get certifications in case management, certification
healthcare leadership etc.
2. Include a certification in your field: Students can specialize in epidemiology, policy,
biostatistics etc.
3. Gain hands on experience: While obtaining your degree, students are encouraged to get
practical experience through internship and volunteer work.
4. Networking: Students are encouraged to network with other professionals in their field.
Attending conferences and joining professional organizations such as Society for Public
Health Education (SOPHE) and American Public Health Association (APHA) will help
students connect with their peers and other professionals.
5. Research Activity: Students should also collaborate with faculty in research
6. Continuous learning: Students should also participate in continuous education in their
field. Students are encouraged to stay informed on policies that affect health outcomes
7. Negotiate Salary: Advocate for your salary.
Catherine Kisavi-Atatah Ph.D.: The field of health services is ever changing. In the next 3-5 years some of the skills that
are expected to become important in this field:
1. Artificial Intelligence: Familiarizing oneself with AI technology
2. Cybersecurity and privacy protection: Storing health information from cyberattack is
extremely important.
3. Cultural competence and equity: Understanding and addressing health disparities is
crucial in health services
4. Mental Health: Understanding and promoting mental health polices
Catherine Kisavi-Atatah Ph.D.: 1. Stay informed: Working in health services require students to stay abreast of policies
that affect health care especially in minority communities. This is crucial as changes in
policy can also impact patient care. Staying informed also means getting information
from reputable sources and using critical thinking skills and best practice prior to making
healthcare decisions.
2. Develop strong communication skills: Health service practitioners will spend majority of
there work time advocating for patients and implementing interventions measures that
will help individuals and communities address their health care needs. Effective
communication is not only to benefit patients but it is also for colleagues, health
practitioners as well as supervisors. Communication is not just verbal, but it is also
written and physical.
3. Collaborate with your peers: This is important as it allows you to share knowledge with
experienced professionals who can give you needed advice. Also connecting with other
professionals as well as colleagues can help build trust and foster team work.
4. Stay Organized: This is important because the healthcare industry Is fast changing and
adopting to changes in unexpected situations while maintaining a positive attitude will
enhance your career.
5. Seek feedback: Feedback is invaluable as it can help you reflect on your practices. This
can allow you to identify areas of strength and weaknesses.
6. Remain Ethical: Uphold ethical standards and remain professional
7. Join professional organizations: Professional organizations provide health services
professionals with updates on policy.
8. Attend conferences and present: This exposes you to others in the field and also allows
you to network with other professionals
9. Social Media and Professional Networks: Follow health policy experts on social medial
platforms
10. Practice selfcare: Taking time out for your self can help you reflect on your health