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Rockaway Township, New Jersey history
Rockaway Township, New Jersey company history timeline
By the 1830's, the population of the town had grown to about 400.
1831 – the Morris Canal began operating from Dover to Newark to the benefit of the local iron industry.
By 1832 – the Morris Canal canal linked Newark to Easton, Pennsylvania.
In 1832, the growing congregation of the Presbyterian Church replaced the frame Meeting House with the present fine brick structure.
In addition to the original grist and saw mills and forges that dated from the Revolutionary period, a Methodist Church, two doctors, two schoolhouses, three blacksmiths, two carriage makers, four general stores, and a hotel are indicated on an 1838 map.
1844 – Morris County divided some of its larger townships.
In addition to including the area that is now Rockaway Township, it also included what is today Rockaway Boro (incorporated in 1894) and Denville (incorporated in 1913). In 1994, the Township celebrated its sesquicentennial, 150 years, and Rockaway Boro celebrated its centennial, 100 years. It was in this year, 1844, that Rockaway Township was formed.
1850 – some ore was mined from Hibernia to supply the furnaces as Powerville and Beach Glen; the Hibernia furnace at that time being in ruins.
Up to 1855, the ore had been removed along a distance of 860 feet and to a depth of 175 feet.
A map of 1868 shows the remarkable growth in the number of houses, and in the commercial and industrial sites in the period to, during, and following the Civil War.
An inset at the top of the 1868 map labeled "Rockaway Business Directory" lists two doctors, five merchants, two manufacturers, and agents for the railroads, mining, and insurance.
A third group of deposits; the Spencer and Gold Diggings which cropped out on Hickory Hill were also actively mined prior to 1868.
In 1873, a tunnel was driven for 2,500 feet along the ore shoot to drain the upper workings.
The mine was inactive in 1873.
In 1876, vast deposits of cheap surface iron ore were discovered in the Mesabi region near Lake Superior.
The workings at that time were at two places; the largest near the foot of the hill, the other near its summit. It reopened in 1878, producing at a rate of 35 to 400 tons per month.
1879 – Picatinny Arsenal established.
The Federal Government bought the Aetna Forge in 1880, along with 1,866 acres and used it as the site of a powder magazine.
Picatinny Arsenal was established in 1880 as the War Department’s first official powder depot.
The Washington School was built in 1883; thereafter free elementary education was extended year by year into four years of free secondary education.
1890 – Joseph Wharton began a program of consolidation.
1891 – the Navy Ordinance Depot established at Picatinny Arsenal.
When Rockaway Village incorporated as a Borough in 1894, it was already one hundred sixty years old.
1901 – Wharton secured control of the entire Hibernia mines.
In 1907, the first powder factory at the Arsenal opened and pioneered new types of armaments which were used in two world wars.
The Teabo mine was northeast of the Allen Mine and worked under that name until 1907.
1913 – Denville incorporated.
The New Leonard shaft was the main operating shaft from 1944 until the Mount Hope operation was permanently closed.
1946 – the Mount Hope Mine was reopened with Hungarian workers.
By 1955, the amount of ore extracted from mines in the Mount Hope and Mine Hill areas was 650,000 tones.
the 1970's – Shire National (successor to Shamoon Industries) sold the northeast section of the Hibernia deposit.
10 shaft was reportedly 1,100 feet deep. in 1972 the openings (shafts 4-8) were blasted shut and dozed in.
The Arsenal trained 8,000 men and women in mass-producing bombs, rockets and artillery shells.Since 1977, Picatinny has served as a major armament research and development center.
The deposit was worked to the surface up the hill over the tunnel, the remains still visible in the spring of 1987 in the form of a collapsed trench.
1994 – the Township celebrated its seisquecentennial, 150 years.
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