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Scottish And Newcastle history
Scottish And Newcastle company history timeline
McEwan’s was started by William McEwan, a shipowner’s son who established the Fountain Brewery in 1856 at Fountain-bridge, Edinburgh, after serving an apprenticeship.
McEwan’s nephew, James Younger, managed the operation after 1886, when William McEwan entered political life.
Smith’s son Andrew and several Younger heirs served as partners until 1887, when the company was registered as a limited liability company, two years before its stocks were traded publicly.
Newcastle Breweries Ltd. had incorporated in 1890.
At the turn of the century, Courage sought ownership of more pubs and bought several brewers: Alton Brewery Co. (1903), Camden Brewery Co.
Before the merger with Younger, McEwan’s acquired the trade of yet another Edinburgh brewer, Alexander Melvin & Co., in 1907.
Nicknamed “The (Brown) Dog,” the beer won a top award for bottled beer in London in 1928, a year after it was introduced.
Barclay Perkins opened one of the most grand, the Downham Tavern, near Bromley in 1930.
A new wave of acquisitions followed: Reffell’s Bexley Brewery Ltd. (1956), wine and spirit merchant Charles Kinloch & Co.
Following a merger of the two businesses, Scottish & Newcastle was formed in 1960.
Another type of alliance was formed in 1961, when Courage, Barclay & Simonds, Scottish & Newcastle, and Bass, Mitchells, & Butlers all joined Ireland’s Guinness firm in the Harp Lager Ltd. consortium, which produced a very successful draught lager, quickly leading its category in sales.
The 1961 takeover of Bristol Brewery Georges came in response to a United Breweries takeover attempt, and outbidding United proved quite expensive: Courage & Barclay paid about £19 million for share capital previously valued at £12 million.
S&N produced and marketed wine and spirits through Mac-kinlay-McPherson Ltd., formed in 1962.
In 1963, Courage, Barclay & Simonds owned 4,800 establishments; Scottish & Newcastle owned 1,700.
Ltd. (1970). Again, in 1970, the company changed its name, to Courage Ltd.
In 1972, Imperial Tobacco Group Ltd., continuing a diversification into less controversial products, bought Courage for £320 million, whereupon it became known as Imperial Brewing & Leisure Ltd.
In 1985, Moray Firth Makings was acquired.
In July 1986, they acquired Home Brewery Co.
In 1990, a retail division, headquartered in Northampton, was formed to manage pubs and restaurants.
Richmond, Lesley, and Alison Turton, eds., The Brewing Industry: A Guide to Historical Records, Manchester, Eng.: Manchester University Press, 1990.
Brewing ceased at Blackburn in 1991.
Gilbert, David C, and Rachel Smith, “The UK Brewing Industry: Past, Present, and Future,” International Journal of Wine Marketing, 1992, Volume 4, No.
Scottish & Newcastle finally bought it in 1995.
The Leisure Division achieved turnover of £406.6 million in 1995, when it operated 14 resorts under the Center Pare name in five countries and 17 Holiday Club Pontin’s hotels in the British Isles.
By 1995, with the purchase of rival brewing business Courage, S&N had become the UK's leading brewer, producing around 15 Mhl per annum.
In early 2000, therefore, Scottish & Newcastle agreed to sell 481 of its pubs to the Royal Bank of Scotland, and another 361 pubs to the Pub Estate Company.
In early 2000, S&N expanded outside the UK via a number of acquisitions in Western Europe, growing sales to over 50 Mhl per annum.
By acquiring Hartwall in 2002, Finland's leading beverage company business, S&N became 50% owners of Baltic Beverages Holding (BBH) encompassing brewing interests in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and the Baltic Countries of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.
The company also took its first step into China in February 2004 after buying a stake in Chongqing Beer Group.
In 2004, having decided to close their Fountain Brewery in Edinburgh, S&N took a 30% share in Caledonian Brewery Co.
In 2004, they bought the Northern Clubs Federation Brewery Ltd of Dunston, and announced the closure of their Newcastle brewery.
In 2004 some radical cost-cutting measures were introduced, particularly within the UK where it was noted by analysts that the cost base was too high.
By 1995, with the purchase of rival brewing business Courage, S&N had become the UK's leading brewer, producing around 15 Mhl per annum. Its UK brewing division became known as Scottish Courage but this reverted to S&N UK in February 2006.
In 2006, S&N entered into a joint venture with the Swiss-based freight company, Kuehne and Nagel to set up a UK drinks distribution company (K+N Drinks Logistics). Some 3,000 S&N employees transferred to the new business.
On 17 October 2007, Heineken International and Carlsberg jointly announced that they were considering forming a consortium to bid for, and acquire the total capitalisation of Scottish & Newcastle.
The partners claimed this was "substantially in excess of the standalone independent value of S&N". On 17 January 2008, S&N announced that it was now in formal discussions with the consortium, following a revised proposal to purchase the business for £8.00 per share.
On 31 March 2008, shareholders approved the £7.8 billion takeover by Heineken and Carlsberg.
The acquisition was completed on 29 April 2008 as S&N's shares were delisted from the London Stock Exchange.
On 23 November 2009, the company changed its name to Heineken UK Ltd. to reflect the owner's name.
"Scottish & Newcastle plc ." International Directory of Company Histories. . Retrieved May 24, 2022 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/scottish-newcastle-plc-0
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