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| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2,161 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 2,420 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 3,175 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 3,009 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 2,732 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $35,285 | $16.96 | +0.3% |
| 2025 | $35,181 | $16.91 | +1.4% |
| 2024 | $34,684 | $16.68 | +1.6% |
| 2023 | $34,153 | $16.42 | +2.8% |
| 2022 | $33,238 | $15.98 | +5.5% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colorado | 5,607,154 | 577 | 10% |
| 2 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 57 | 10% |
| 3 | Alaska | 739,795 | 65 | 9% |
| 4 | Georgia | 10,429,379 | 794 | 8% |
| 5 | Virginia | 8,470,020 | 716 | 8% |
| 6 | South Carolina | 5,024,369 | 406 | 8% |
| 7 | Oregon | 4,142,776 | 345 | 8% |
| 8 | Montana | 1,050,493 | 89 | 8% |
| 9 | Delaware | 961,939 | 76 | 8% |
| 10 | North Carolina | 10,273,419 | 735 | 7% |
| 11 | New Jersey | 9,005,644 | 606 | 7% |
| 12 | Iowa | 3,145,711 | 208 | 7% |
| 13 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 74 | 7% |
| 14 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 51 | 7% |
| 15 | Massachusetts | 6,859,819 | 427 | 6% |
| 16 | Maryland | 6,052,177 | 351 | 6% |
| 17 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 317 | 6% |
| 18 | Nevada | 2,998,039 | 176 | 6% |
| 19 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 51 | 6% |
| 20 | Vermont | 623,657 | 36 | 6% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andover | 1 | 3% | $44,160 |
| 2 | Fair Lawn | 1 | 3% | $37,952 |
| 3 | Crystal Lake | 1 | 2% | $32,604 |
| 4 | Cupertino | 1 | 2% | $38,277 |
| 5 | Downers Grove | 1 | 2% | $32,362 |
| 6 | Eagan | 1 | 2% | $34,130 |
| 7 | Glenview | 1 | 2% | $32,621 |
| 8 | Hackensack | 1 | 2% | $37,959 |
| 9 | Haltom City | 1 | 2% | $25,310 |
| 10 | Centennial | 1 | 1% | $28,930 |
| 11 | Hayward | 1 | 1% | $38,089 |
| 12 | Chicago | 3 | 0% | $32,479 |
| 13 | Boston | 2 | 0% | $44,290 |
| 14 | Fremont | 1 | 0% | $38,111 |
| 15 | Houston | 1 | 0% | $25,950 |
| 16 | Jacksonville | 1 | 0% | $30,132 |
University of Central Missouri
Howard University

USA Rugby Football Union

Next College Student Athlete

Kentucky Wesleyan College

Brigham Young University–Hawaii
Northern Seminary
Chadron State College

Denison University

Northern Illinois University
Franklin and Marshall College
Belhaven University
CREP - Coalition for the Registration of Exercise Professionals

Northwestern University

University of Southern Mississippi

Seattle University
Linfield University
Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education
Orange Coast College
University of Central Missouri
School of Teaching and Learning
Dr. Kenneth Bias: Jobs are really becoming more limited when it comes to the sports and recreation side of the degree. Most students who are looking to go into collegiate coaching are doing well finding those first-level positions.
Dr. Kenneth Bias: The gap year really depends on the level in which they want to use their degree. Those going into collegiate coaching would be well served to volunteer coach to gain experience. Those choosing to go into the sports and recreation side would be better severed working on their knowledge of what opportunities there are in their region of the country and enhancing their knowledge in those areas.
Dr. Kenneth Bias: Have a plan for what it is you want to do as a career. Sports and recreation is a wide-open career area, but it can lead students to not knowing exactly what it is they want to do. Have a focus area and become as knowledgeable in that area as you can.
Dr. Jason Perry: It is unclear what the long-term effects will be on the sports business industry moving forward. A lot is unknown of how live sporting events will be impacted in the future. We may find that fans do not rush back to attend games in-person as they did prior to the coronavirus pandemic. Thus, leaving some gaps in the positions that employers are hiring for in the foreseeable future.
However, it is likely that many facets of the industry will continue to move towards making processes easier for consumers through technology even after the pandemic. As a result, graduates must be tech-savvy. Further they must be flexible and possess the ability to adapt quickly as changes occur related to the pandemic. Graduates that have obtained practical work experience that has introduced them to various job responsibilities in the field can stand out in the talent pool.
A specific job experience on a graduate's resume can be the deciding factor in receiving an interview during these challenging times. Previous experience in the desired area of employment can also help graduates to adapt more quickly to working in a new position during the pandemic.
Dr. Jason Perry: It is best that graduates have some of the traditional skills such as communication, teamwork, leadership, organizational, and time management. In addition, depending on the position in the sports business industry, the ability to handle a fast-paced work environment is important. These skills translate well in a variety of business environments and employers are looking to add those who adapt well to their organizational landscape.
Additional skills that are key at this time include analytical, critical thinking, digital, and emotional intelligence. I think that emotional intelligence should be on the top of the list of skills that young professionals should have as they transition into careers in sports and recreation. The ability to foster meaningful relationships with people in the workplace and the capacity to manage stress, conflicts, and one's emotions is needed to finding sustainability in the profession.
Dr. Jason Perry: Due to the high level of competition for jobs in the industry, sports management students cannot simply wait until the pandemic is over to gain professional experience in the field. Many sports businesses and professional organizations have altered internship positions during the pandemic and are still offering opportunities to budding professionals. A growing number of professional sports organizations have implemented virtual internships, distance-learning experiences, and other programs in lieu of the traditional internships that were available prior to the pandemic. Experience in sports analytics, sales, marketing, and digital communication are areas that stand out to employers.

Jessica Dombrowski: I think we will continue to see more remote access opportunities, from online webinars and courses to more open forum discussion platforms. All of our members have been too enthusiastic about any online educational opportunities; this has given us a chance to think more creatively about what type of content we can deliver and give us a broader audience.
Jessica Dombrowski: Any experience goes a long way, whether networking and organizational, learning a new language, or volunteering. The biggest thing that I look for is someone taking the initiative, making strides towards what they want to do, and honing transferable skills for whatever their next professional step is.
Jessica Dombrowski: It's the oldest piece of advice in the book, but don't give up, and don't settle. If you know what you want to do or where you want to do it, then keep at it because eventually, you will get there. I know too many people that have taken a job just for a paycheck or something to do and then get stuck. If something doesn't excite you or drive you to become better, then what are you getting out of it? Stick to your guns and don't give up!

Lisa Strasman: With many companies operating remotely throughout the pandemic, recent college graduates face unique circumstances as they enter the workforce. Instead of happy hours with new co-workers, many recent college grads find themselves logging into work from their living room. Great companies find ways to maintain a strong company culture and team unity even in a remote environment. Recent grads should seek out organizations where they can embrace the culture and mission, regardless of where their desk may be located.
Lisa Strasman: Adaptability, great communication skills, time-management, strong work ethic/grit, teamwork, resilience, humility.
Lisa Strasman: I am not sure which field specifically you are referring to, so I’ll go with working in sports. If you want to work for a team, you will likely need to be in the city that the team resides. Fortunately, most major cities have multiple professional and semi-professional teams. Other sports organizations such as NCSA have a national presence. NCSA has transitioned to a remote-first culture, and team members can work from anywhere within the U.S.

Kentucky Wesleyan College
Department of Exercise Science
Julie Richardson: With technology continuing to advance, the world is faced with an oversaturation of information that is readily available in the palm of one's hand. Young graduates must be fluent in many fields to remain competitive and provide innovative ideas to their specific clientele. Increasing one's knowledge within the liberal arts will allow them to cater to a broader range of individuals, which will increase their odds of impressing potential employers.
Julie Richardson: As the world becomes more aware of the detrimental effects of society's current lifestyle, more opportunities will arise within the health sciences. Graduates should pursue higher education within this field to gain an edge over other applicants. This will allow them to access the many job opportunities available in research labs and sports facilities.
Julie Richardson: Technology advancements will allow for more concentrated and complex research to be conducted to further our knowledge regarding the complexities of the human body and how it responds to various stimuli such as exercise and diseases.

Joel Reece Ph.D.: I teach my students that the experience that stands out most on a resume is the experience that best matches the job posting. A resume is only a selected snapshot of your experiences. Choose to display the experiences you have had with what the job posting is looking for.
Joel Reece Ph.D.: It depends on what they want to do. Look at the job postings or graduate school applications you want to apply for. Of course, there are universal skills that apply across jobs/graduate programs. For example, communication skills (e.g., writing, oral), collaboration, leadership, critical thinking, etc... However, it is also important to find opportunities to develop or observe skills in people that have the job you want. If you want to apply to a physical therapy program and you have a gap year, reconsider taking a year off to travel, and look for a job that puts you in a setting that will help you observe the in and outs of being a physical therapist. Be a sponge and soak up everything you can about the business.
Joel Reece Ph.D.: I think the use of wearable technology used by both fitness and health care professionals to observe, monitor, and encourage behavior change among clients will become a more normal practice. Learn how to use the data provided by wearable technology to teach about personal behavioral patterns and opportunities to improve health and quality of life.
Rev. Tracey Bianchi: In pastoral ministry, the pandemic has forced many religious institutions and organizations to deliver worship and other elements of spiritual practice online. How faith-based communities do everything from weddings to funerals to worship services has shifted online. While churches and other religious gatherings must continue to employ pastors and still need ordained leaders, the job market has shifted to favor those who also have skills in producing and creating rich online content. Churches with resources are now pivoting to hire content managers and production teams who can help shape and craft meaningful online content that is easy to deliver.
Dr. Brittany Helmbrecht: The most significant trend I have noticed is a move to online and outdoor workouts. Many trainers are offering recorded or live activity classes delivered online. Others are hosting group fitness classes outdoors, where social distancing is possible. The ability to market oneself as a fitness professional will be a necessary skill as these trends continue.
Dr. Brittany Helmbrecht: Recording technology, whether as simple as a phone or as complex as a dedicated studio set, is up to the fitness professional. I have completed workouts during the pandemic on Facebook Live, Instagram, and YouTube from the comfort of my own home.
Dr. Brittany Helmbrecht: I am not sure. I hope this pandemic has caused people to evaluate their health and make positive changes, but I can't say it has. I believe the difference in fitness delivery, when fitness centers and gyms were shut down, changed the fitness industry and how people prefer to work out. Though there are still many who went back to fitness centers as soon as possible, I think many recognized how easy it could be to work out in your own home.

Denison University
Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Studies
Dr. Eric Winters Ph.D.: The most crucial point is to engage the professional community as it currently is, not as it once was or how we would like it. During unsettled moments, such as this, look for opportunities to be professionally involved and demonstrate the intellectual flexibility to integrate your knowledge into emerging systems. Available professional options may not be as near to the recent graduate's area of interest. Still, the creative thinker will always find ways to shape their actions to provide personal and professional growth. We must recognize that current conditions will hasten the integration of technology into professional practice, and this trend will not retreat once we move past the current pandemic.
Dr. Eric Winters Ph.D.: I look for young professionals who can examine and identify current, unfulfilled needs within the community, and effectively design programs that draw upon technology's strengths to augment professional practice. The influence of a knowledgeable, caring practitioner will remain central to the profession of Kinesiology, but the needs we address and how we intervene have changed. The young professionals who seek unique settings and opportunities to engage in practice with creativity will always be valued colleagues.
Dr. Eric Winters Ph.D.: This pandemic will most certainly have an enduring effect within our profession; to believe otherwise is wishful thinking. Now, is the time to reframe opportunities and boldly engage the emerging needs of those we serve within nontraditional settings and incorporate unique methods that draw upon technology. Those that begin this journey now will become our future leading figures within Kinesiology.

Northern Illinois University
World Languages and Cultures
Linda Saborío: For foreign language majors, study abroad experiences stand out on a resume because they demonstrate an in-depth cultural immersion from living and learning how to thrive in an environment unlike your own. Many employers will view a study abroad experience as a moment of personal growth and independence, especially among younger candidates. Also, any volunteer work with non-profit organizations in other countries will stand out on a resume.
David McMahan Ph.D.: Keep open to possibilities beyond the narrow range of what your diploma lists as your major or minor. Whatever job you get trained for today, in 10-20 years, it may be very different. Or it may not exist. Focus on obtaining and maintaining flexibility, critical thinking, creativity, and passion for learning. Being an interesting person is as vital as any credential.
Belhaven University
Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Science Faculty
Dr. Benjamin Carr Ph.D.: Very few of our Sports Medicine & Exercise Science graduates enter the workforce once completing their Bachelor of Science. The vast majority (80-90%) of my students will go to graduate/professional school for physical therapy, occupational therapy, athletic training, chiropractic, exercise physiology, or physician assistant.
Dr. Benjamin Carr Ph.D.: Some will even go to medical school. Those who do enter the workforce after completing their BS, typically, go into the fitness industry as personal trainers or into coaching (although that often requires continuing education to complete a teacher certification). I say all this to say that I don't have extensive experience in sending students directly into the workforce. There are ample work opportunities in my field, but almost all of them require some advanced degree. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, job growth for the careers mentioned above is faster than the average job growth in all U.S. fields.
Dr. Benjamin Carr Ph.D.: Technology is a vital part of all the occupations in sports medicine/exercise science, with most of the rehabilitative sciences' careers. Therapeutic modalities, such as ultrasound, electrical stimulation, cryotherapy, and infrared, are commonly employed in physical therapy, athletic training, and chiropractic. Since I don't work directly in those fields, I'm not a useful resource regarding the specifics of technology/equipment. From an educational standpoint, technology will be vital for moving more coursework to a virtual format shortly. Things like virtual cadavers and other physiological laboratory experiences will play a critical educational role over the next few years. Due to Covid-19, we've already moved a number of our courses to a strictly virtual format. Video conferencing technology, such as Zoom, has made this relatively easy. With Zoom's screen sharing and whiteboard capabilities, lecturing virtually has become a legitimate alternative to in-person courses.
CREP - Coalition for the Registration of Exercise Professionals
Brian Biagioli: Covid has had a diverse impact on the fitness industry; in the positive sense, it has restored work-life balance for some, forced others contemplating entrepreneurial pursuits to leap successfully, and made facilities realize the importance of engagement relationships in maintaining a clientele. Additionally, depending on the political theatre following the election and signs pointing to a potential Covid-rebound, many more exercise professionals will likely embrace the different opportunities to train online, write and manage individual programs, and even establish home-based businesses the industry pivots further away from a club-based, face-to-face interaction. As for the different sized boxes, the overhead the facility carries and where it's located will determine the level and effects of ongoing business stress. That said, 2021, as a whole, will bring a new demand for exercise professionals to replace those who have left the clubs and the industry altogether.
Brian Biagioli: Regardless of the type of job a professional pursues in the fitness or sports industry, employers cite three critical areas of deficiency among new graduates: (1) business acumen and communication skills; (2) proficiency in human engagement; and (3) a lack of organizational efficiencies, related to task completion. Many graduates have a skill set associated with the technical competencies of being in the fitness or sports industry; these are often tested successfully on certification exams, but they lack business and corporate/organizational insight. These skills require positive internship experiences and mentoring and should be a capstone of any educational process.
Brian Biagioli: If a professional pursues personal training; California, New York, Texas, and Florida are all high performers. Strength and conditioning jobs are growing in high school environments, and there is more equity for female coaches than ever before in college strength and conditioning. For entrepreneurs looking to start a fitness business right now, one should consider the pandemic and the regional capacities for studios and gyms and risk rates for closure. Technology is everyone's friend right now, and will develop into a must-have facet of the exercise professionals' toolbox. Technology enhances the small business reach and makes market expansion more possible.

Helen Callus: It depends on what kinds of position you are applying for, and for performance students, it's going to be playing or teaching mostly. I recommend that students tailor their resumes to suit the positions, so teaching should be prioritized, and the outline should lead to that. I encourage them to put together their overview and then look at gaps - teaching experience, perhaps some administrative experiences that are always helpful.
If they don't have those things, actively search for them to add that line to their resumes. It can be a terrific way to develop the document in ways that can lead to better job success. A range of skills is most likely to appeal to a broader set of jobs. Doing multiple things (things we don't even realize we do, as musicians, daily) can be helpful. The student is then willing to be creative and open to start out doing things that are related but perhaps not their first choice.
Helen Callus: For many of us instrumental professors (but not all, due to the limitations of the instrument's nature like percussion or piano), we had already been teaching remotely for some years, and been able to adjust to the current restrictions without impacting our student's experiences in lessons. Teaching remotely will be a part of the future - saving students the cost of travel, hotels, time. We are trying to find creative ways to do things we couldn't otherwise do in person, like having a busy guest from Europe, unable to fly in person but teaching a class via Zoom.
I imagine this might become part of the framework that we offer in the future. Students should understand how to present themselves in these situations, understanding sound and picture quality devices (what microphones and cameras are best), internet speeds, ethernet cables, router devices, lighting, etc. But it is an excellent opportunity to understand the media of film/video and how to create best a sound video recording for competitions, summer festivals, or college applications. We were already using that medium for prescreens, so this is a chance to refine that skill as, without doubt, that will be a part of our future.

Jeff Mitchell: Collaboration tops the list. The ability to listen, learn, and communicate will differentiate those who can collaborate and help build effective teams. Critical thinking skills, including problem-solving competence, and a strong writing capacity, will be highly valued.
Jeff Mitchell: I encourage young graduates to choose where they want to live and thrive and limit their work options based solely on location. We're seeing more flexibility in the workplace today as remote collaboration has proven successful.
Jeff Mitchell: Technology unites us across distance and exists as a critically valuable asset for the business. Graduates who enter the workforce with experience using advanced tools or openness to adopt them will find their transition to work more welcoming and empowering. Similarly, leaders can differentiate how to problem solve and create innovative solutions by leveraging data to improve fiscal operations, team engagement, and human resource management.

Seattle University
Department of Art, Art History & Design
Alexander Mouton: The next five years will most likely find design going ever more into screen-based media, UI/UX design, app development, etc. We hope that there will also be a new wave of more conscientious students/employees who move the needle in terms of how we relate to social media, how companies take responsibility for their products, etc.
Dr. Carrie Kondor: I believe that teachers will be more intentional and comfortable with technology. Technology will continue to be used to target specific learning needs. It provides opportunities for kinesthetic, auditory, and visual supports to pedagogy, while also opening up opportunities for students to demonstrate their learning in meaningful and creative ways. Perhaps another important note is that this pandemic has shown us that technology cannot take our teacher's place. Effective and responsive teachers are the key to student success.
Meg Stone: There is no doubt that the coronavirus, to state the obvious, has had a tremendous impact on everyone. Wither there will be an enduring impact on the field of sport and sport coaching has yet to be determined. Presently, there is no doubt that sport has been detrimentally affected with everything from potential school sports closures, to NCAA restrictive guidelines, sports being dropped at the D1 level, and NFL/NBA reorganized schedules.
A few of our former graduates have been placed on furloughs or restrictive coaching schedules involving pay cuts. One of the positive aspects of the Sports Science program at ETSU is the dual-track aspect of our doctoral program. One track is physiology and research-orientated, and the other is heavily practical coaching, but each track must take classes in the other, so the students coming out of the program have two options for employment teaching/researching and/or coaching. With the present uncertainness in sport and coaching positions, with this background, the graduate from our program is equipped to make the transition into a more stable job opportunity in teaching at the collegiate level.
Meg Stone: The ETSU program of sports science and strength and conditioning has been in operation for the past ten years, and presently 100% of the graduates from our program have attained a position in their chosen field. They are finding job opportunities in the following areas:
- Collegiate athletic departments
- Teaching – University faculty positions tenured and non-tenured
- Fitness industry private clubs
- Presently, we have students working/coaching in the NBA, NFL, MBA, and Track and Field
- International relationships: 5 of our former students are working with NGB’s in Taiwan and China
Meg Stone: In the past ten years or so, technology has become an ever-increasing part of the sport both at the grassroots level and especially at the collegiate and professional level. This discrepancy is mainly due to cost. Schools at the D1 level with a big budget have invested heavily in technology to support their programs. It is my opinion this serves two purposes.
Firstly, a genuine effort to quantify exactly what factors influence athletic development. Secondly, and much less important, is the recruiting aspect. Young recruits are heavily influenced by "bells and whistles," and demonstrating these tools in recruiting can be an advantage. Professional sports have benefited substantially from technological advancement in sports such as soccer. Alex Ferguson, while manager of Manchester United, has been quoted as saying that one of the main reasons for that team's success was developments in sport science, particularly GPS tracking systems.
I believe presently we are reaching a plateau in the application of technology in sport, but there will always be ongoing developments. However, I believe the application of technology in sport is slowing considerably compared with the past ten years. Technology in the future may take us into the realm of Star Trek with transports etc. My concern is for the role of the coach, the human relationship with the athlete, the coaching eye (which is very much undervalued), and the motivational aspect through human interaction.
Orange Coast College
Engineering
Rodney Foster: Orange Coast College (OCC) teaches Aircraft Maintenance Technology (AMT) and Avionics. Although the Government has dampened air travel by putting up restrictions to prevent a Covid-19 spread, there is still a certified mechanic/skilled labor shortage. I believe all our students will have permanent jobs within a six-month search. OCC AMT is listed as an essential workforce by the state of California and is back in classes full-time, Face-to-face labs, and online lectures. Our next semester registration maximum filled in two days and still has over 35 additional students per class on the waiting list.