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| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 267 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 3,148 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 4,250 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 1,465 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 1,470 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $28,762 | $13.83 | +2.5% |
| 2025 | $28,059 | $13.49 | +0.3% |
| 2024 | $27,983 | $13.45 | +1.8% |
| 2023 | $27,483 | $13.21 | +1.7% |
| 2022 | $27,018 | $12.99 | +3.7% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vermont | 623,657 | 103 | 17% |
| 2 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 846 | 15% |
| 3 | Delaware | 961,939 | 139 | 14% |
| 4 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 79 | 14% |
| 5 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 92 | 11% |
| 6 | Idaho | 1,716,943 | 172 | 10% |
| 7 | Maine | 1,335,907 | 131 | 10% |
| 8 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 125 | 9% |
| 9 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 97 | 9% |
| 10 | Montana | 1,050,493 | 91 | 9% |
| 11 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 66 | 9% |
| 12 | Alaska | 739,795 | 62 | 8% |
| 13 | Nebraska | 1,920,076 | 133 | 7% |
| 14 | Connecticut | 3,588,184 | 206 | 6% |
| 15 | Hawaii | 1,427,538 | 79 | 6% |
| 16 | Maryland | 6,052,177 | 281 | 5% |
| 17 | Kansas | 2,913,123 | 149 | 5% |
| 18 | Mississippi | 2,984,100 | 136 | 5% |
| 19 | Arkansas | 3,004,279 | 136 | 5% |
| 20 | West Virginia | 1,815,857 | 96 | 5% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fairbanks | 1 | 3% | $30,210 |
San Diego Mesa College
Haverford College

Pepperdine University
Southern Oregon University
Seattle Pacific University

California State University - Fresno

Minnesota State University, Mankato

Oakland University

Point Loma Nazarene University

Warren Wilson College

Indiana University Kokomo
Claude Mona: The answer to this question is very industry dependent, of course. Not being an employer, I don't think I am well suited to answer this question in all but the most general terms. I would say that requiring some programming ability will become as common in minimum job qualifications as being able to work with spreadsheets or having the ability to use word processing was ten years ago.
Claude Mona: An internet search will give you a much better answer to this question than anything I can say since I haven't been in the market for a job for the past 15 years or so. There is a lso quite a difference in academia vs industry. Here's a relevant link for you to peruse:
www.aip.org
Karen Masters Ph.D.: I think a good job is one that can hold a graduate's interest and of course pay their bills. Ideally it would be a job with prospects for continued learning and advancement/promotion.

Stewart Davenport Ph.D.: Even more emphasis on computer science, technological competency, and the ability to conduct business and provide services via cyberspace
Southern Oregon University
Educational Administration And Supervision
Amy Belcastro Ph.D.: First is to take the time to know what are your strengths and areas for improvement. You are intentionally crafting your professional reputation. Next, consider where you want to be in five years and what steps are needed to get there. It is the balancing act of long-term goals and short-time needs. Being intentional is key. Every step matters so step with intention. That said, there are many roads to Rome so explore, take risks, but be aware that you are crafting your professional reputation and self.
Amy Belcastro Ph.D.: First, focus on updating your current resume to clearly communicate and provide evidence of your transferable skills and cognitive competencies such as strong communication and technology skills; the ability to work well with others who may be different in backgrounds, beliefs, etc.; leadership skills, and problem solving and complex thinking. After you have done this, assess where you are lacking and create a plan to strengthen your resume by seeking experiences. A very popular method of doing this is by completing a digital badge or micro-credential at an institute of higher education. It is a way of acknowledging competencies and skills in much less time than a college degree would take. Some may only be a few credits. This is becoming very popular for the workforce and therefore more institutions of higher education are offering these, some in partnership with companies.
Seattle Pacific University
Music Department
Christopher Hanson: I think we will see an amplified debate on school choice and school funding, which will directly affect the hiring and sustainability of school administrators, leaders, and teachers. The pandemic has exposed already obvious inequities to school access and the quality of education in different arenas, e.g., homeschool, charter school, private school, public school, etc. Students and schools in more affluent communities have the infrastructure (or the means to establish the infrastructure) to support online learning and have arguably not experienced any real setbacks in the progress of their learning (specifically in terms of content, whereas I believe everyone has been affected in terms of social and emotional learning).
Many private schools have offered in-person or hybrid instruction before the states have recommended since they are not dependent on tax dollars and not required to adhere to the same guidelines as the public and some charter schools that depend on government funding. With all of this, I believe we will see a somewhat superficial, and what I believe is misguided, shift to technology. This is reactionary rather than responsive. Many districts have already begun to hire staff, faculty, and administration that are more comfortable or experienced with Title IV funding and programming and the use of technology in teaching and learning (in school and at home).
"One-to-one" initiatives have been pushed to the top of budgetary requirements and instructional expectations and overshadowed other needs. This is not to say that technology isn't important, particularly in the extraordinary time we are living through. However, if we do not build and redesign all of our systems, conflating only one aspect of education will create a severe imbalance and perpetuate problems of equity, access, retention, and sustainability.

California State University - Fresno
Literacy, Early, Bilingual and Special Education Department
Cheryl McDonald: One of biggest trends in the job market, pandemic or not, is in education. There is real shortage of qualified educators, service providers and educational leaders, despite the incentives, stipends, or bonus monies that districts and universities use to attract candidates to the field. There is a shortage of qualified credentialed teachers in many teaching disciplines across most of the United States. The most severe shortages are in special education, mathematics, science, bilingual/dual immersion, and early childhood education. There is also a need for qualified school administrators, school psychologists, school social workers, school nurses, and school counselors.
All of these areas require specialized knowledge and specialized certification, in addition to a passion and dedication for the discipline. In California, for example, earning a teaching credential requires a Bachelor's degree, fingerprint clearance from local, state and federal law enforcement agencies, completion of the U.S. Constitution, basics skills, subject matter and literacy instruction requirements, typically through costly and rigorous tests, current certification in CPR for infants, children and adults, and completion of a teacher preparation program in the area of the credential. In special education, a candidate would need to complete a teacher preparation program in a specialty area: mild/moderate disabilities, moderate/severe disabilities, physical, visual, or health impairments, deaf and hard of hearing, or speech and language development.
Each day spent with students is unique and exciting. Teachers, service providers and leaders not only need to be qualified, they also need to be compassionate, collaborative, adaptable, flexible, and effective, especially when the unexpected arises. Virtual/online teaching skills are a plus. Teachers and educational leaders also need to be prepared to work with culturally- and linguistically-diverse student and family populations, with students who are gifted and talented, and students experiencing risk factors such as homelessness, poverty, drug or alcohol dependency, frequent absences or bullying.
Cheryl McDonald: A resume should focus on the person's strongest, most relevant qualifications, experiences and professional skills, stated as much as possible in the "buzzwords" of the profession. Resumes are tailored to the specific job for which the candidate is applying. In addition to qualifications, professional skills and experience, employers also want applicants who are efficient, effective, timely, flexible, collaborative, adaptable, technologically savvy, accepting of constructive criticism, willing to improve performance, and skilled at solving problems before or as they as arise. Candidates should learn and practice using the tools that the employer uses, whether it is equipment, machines, technology, or software applications. The degree of familiarity or proficiency the candidate has for the tools the employer uses should be listed on the resume and shared in the interview. Before the interview, candidates should practice using the tools that the employer uses, prepare specific examples and instances of their proficiency in using those tools, and when possible, use the tools the employer uses during the interview.
I recommend that applicants approach their resumes in three ways. First, place yourself in the shoes of the potential employer. What qualifications, experience, and additional skills would you would want in someone you hire for the job? Second, think about what you want to convey and how you wish to represent yourself. Third, because English is read from the left to the right, mentally divide the resume page into quadrants, and place your most relevant information in the upper left quadrant first and then move to the upper right quadrant. This format is also appropriate for eye or word recognition software, used in many large-scale businesses and school districts, to scan the many resumes they receive.
Cheryl McDonald: After graduation, candidates should begin their search for available education positions, whether teaching or leadership in universities or preschool-12 schools, in populous states like California, Texas and New York or in rural and suburban high-poverty areas. There the needs are greatest and positions are more likely to be available and advertised. I would also ask friends, colleagues and professionals I knew to keep an eye open for available positions. You never know when an unexpected lead will pop up.

Minnesota State University, Mankato
Sociology Department
Aaron Hoy Ph.D.: Increasingly, I hear employers say that they look to see if recent college graduates, sociology majors included, have relevant "real-world" experience, especially internships. For this reason, many sociology programs (including my own) have recently moved to make internships a required component of the major. Sociology majors who are not required to complete an internship may consider doing one anyway. But given the specific industries that sociology majors typically work in, volunteering should not be discounted altogether.
For instance, the American Sociological Association's data has consistently shown that "Social Services/Counselor" is the job category sociology majors are most likely to work in immediately following graduation. And the specific places they work often include various non-profit organizations like shelters for victims of domestic violence or homeless youth, all of which rely on volunteers. Sociology majors who do volunteer work in college not only benefit their communities; they also show at least some potential employers that they understand why they do the work they do and what it looks like on the ground.

Oakland University
Department of Organizational Leadership
Dr. Cynthia Carver: Be prepared to work hard - your first year of teaching will be demanding - but know that you are doing important work. We are the profession that makes all others possible. And don't forget to ask for help.

Dr. Jennifer Lineback Ph.D.: Practical experience working with real learners/students! Whether that experience be through formal academic programs (i.e., through volunteering in a classroom or being hired as an academic tutor or aid), or informal programming (i.e., working with children during after school care, Sunday School, or summer camps), the more experience graduates have with children, the better!

Warren Wilson College
Political Science Department
Christine Bricker Ph.D.: Evidence of the ability to write, statistics, and data visualization skills.

Indiana University Kokomo
Department of Sociology
Niki Weller Ph.D.: Students need to demonstrate that they are versatile communicators, with strong written and oral communication skills. Students should take full advantage of any public speaking opportunities, such as conference presentations, to demonstrate evidence of this skill. Employers want to hire people who are personable, involved, and have potential leadership qualities. Students should be engaged in campus extracurricular activities, including student clubs, experiential learning events, or community engagements. Research skills, like data collection and analysis, are extremely important and can be applied in a variety of professions. Students should hone these skills through social science research.
Niki Weller Ph.D.: Something critical to a successful resume is highlighting how your sociology degree has given you the skills, knowledge, and experience that employers want. For example, students with experience in social research should offer evidence of their experience with data collection (e.g., surveys, interviews, participant observation), data analysis (e.g., descriptive statistics, correlation, regression), and report writing based on original research and/or secondary data collection. Depending on the job you're seeking, students should highlight the various types of quantitative or qualitative research methods that they have been trained in. Sociologists study social change, diverse communities, and their interactions using scientific methods to find empirical answers to complex social questions. Students should highlight having a deeper understanding of diversity dimensions including race, class, and gender by possibly mentioning specific topics of papers written or projects completed, relative to the types of jobs they are pursuing.