Explore jobs
Find specific jobs
Explore careers
Explore professions
Best companies
Explore companies
| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2,259 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 8,502 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 8,389 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 4,726 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 4,728 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $30,869 | $14.84 | +2.5% |
| 2024 | $30,114 | $14.48 | +0.3% |
| 2023 | $30,033 | $14.44 | +1.8% |
| 2022 | $29,496 | $14.18 | +1.7% |
| 2021 | $28,997 | $13.94 | +3.7% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vermont | 623,657 | 166 | 27% |
| 2 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 125 | 22% |
| 3 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 186 | 21% |
| 4 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 1,118 | 20% |
| 5 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 267 | 20% |
| 6 | Montana | 1,050,493 | 208 | 20% |
| 7 | Delaware | 961,939 | 190 | 20% |
| 8 | Alaska | 739,795 | 147 | 20% |
| 9 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 203 | 19% |
| 10 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 147 | 19% |
| 11 | Idaho | 1,716,943 | 271 | 16% |
| 12 | Maine | 1,335,907 | 209 | 16% |
| 13 | District of Columbia | 693,972 | 112 | 16% |
| 14 | Maryland | 6,052,177 | 793 | 13% |
| 15 | New Mexico | 2,088,070 | 262 | 13% |
| 16 | Nebraska | 1,920,076 | 259 | 13% |
| 17 | Massachusetts | 6,859,819 | 736 | 11% |
| 18 | Connecticut | 3,588,184 | 404 | 11% |
| 19 | Utah | 3,101,833 | 333 | 11% |
| 20 | Hawaii | 1,427,538 | 146 | 10% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Johns Creek | 1 | 1% | $31,286 |
| 2 | Mission Viejo | 1 | 1% | $37,659 |
| 3 | Topeka | 1 | 1% | $30,230 |
| 4 | West Covina | 1 | 1% | $37,904 |
| 5 | Anchorage | 1 | 0% | $35,250 |
| 6 | Des Moines | 1 | 0% | $28,294 |
| 7 | Huntington Beach | 1 | 0% | $37,792 |
| 8 | New York | 1 | 0% | $35,192 |
| 9 | Saint Paul | 1 | 0% | $32,312 |
Grambling State University

University of Idaho
San Diego Mesa College

Gannon University
University of North Carolina Greensboro

University of Oregon

Mount Saint Mary College
Cleveland State University
University of North Carolina at Charlotte

High Point University
University at Albany - SUNY
Haverford College
Southern Oregon University
Seattle Pacific University

California State University - Fresno

Minnesota State University, Mankato

Oakland University

Point Loma Nazarene University

Indiana University Kokomo
La Salle University
Grambling State University
College of Arts and Sciences
Yenumula Reddy: Mini and large project implementation and work on group projects is very important. Presenting the results in the workshops, annual meetings will help to improve the students' confidence and meet other educators and share their experiences. Certification helps to get the good starting jobs.
Yenumula Reddy: It is entirely new world and lot of enthusiasm and many new faces. Try to adjust and socialize and try to have new friends. But, for a student had internship first day work may not much difference.
My students share their experience and I saw this difference between the student had internship and the one entered without.
But it is an unforgettable day.

University of Idaho
Department of Computer Science
Robert Rinker Ph.D.: There have been several new research areas that have emerged in the last few years - data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, software for robotics, cybersecurity. Many of these areas didn't exist in their present form just a few years ago. So new faculty with one or more of these skills are in demand. More experienced faculty that have been in place for a few years (like me!) don't have these newer skills.
Robert Rinker Ph.D.: I think the traditional view of CS people is they are holed up in padded cells and don't interact with other people. That is a very wrong perception. CS professionals are problem solvers, and they must communicate with non-CS "customers" to understand the problems. Several recruiters have mentioned that a candidate's technical skills are easy to discern from a resume, but their soft skills are much more difficult to determine - they have to be determined from face-to-face interviews. Perhaps the most difficult skill in problem-solving is to listen carefully and not try to impose a solution to the problem right away.
Robert Rinker Ph.D.: The good news in Computer Science is that the job market is so good that anyone who is halfway decent will get a very good job. However, more than in the past, the new topics in CS are most relevant. Part of the reason for this is that these new topics have become "buzzwords" with the general public, so they are very visible. As a result, employers are especially looking for them and are willing to pay top dollar for them.
Claude Mona: The answer to this question is very industry dependent, of course. Not being an employer, I don't think I am well suited to answer this question in all but the most general terms. I would say that requiring some programming ability will become as common in minimum job qualifications as being able to work with spreadsheets or having the ability to use word processing was ten years ago.
Claude Mona: An internet search will give you a much better answer to this question than anything I can say since I haven't been in the market for a job for the past 15 years or so. There is a lso quite a difference in academia vs industry. Here's a relevant link for you to peruse:
www.aip.org

Dr. Stephen Frezza Ph.D.: YES. You will see more remote work for computing graduates. Consequently, the need for more remote teamwork experience with tools and projects will become more desirable.
University of North Carolina Greensboro
Department of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management
Apoorva Patipati Ramesh: - Shift towards jobs in the IT industry.
- More IT professionals coming back to attain higher education.
- Organizations more comfortable with hiring interns.
Apoorva Patipati Ramesh: For students, courses and certificates that provide hands-on experience in skills like Tableau, Python, R, etc. can have a very positive impact on job prospects. Some of our academic graduate certificates also align very closely with industry certifications such as CISSP, CompTIA Network+ etc. These are highly valuable assets to have.
Apoorva Patipati Ramesh: Per 2020 data, STEM occupations - the ones our students typically land after completing the MS degree - have a median annual wage that is more than double that of the non-STEM jobs. This gap has been and is only widening with time. A graduate from an MS program is typically being offered anywhere between $60,000 and $120,000 in wages depending on the years of work experience they possess.

University of Oregon
Department of Mathematics
Hayden Harker: For math majors, there are many jobs that specifically use mathematical techniques learned in a specific course and you don't prove theorems in jobs. However, these students need to be flexible and willing to solve many different problems even if they don't necessarily feel like a math calculation. Solid problem solving skills and logical thought process are some of the greatest assets for math majors.

Robin Rosenberg: In social sciences, the salaries have gone up marginally. This is not a field for people who want to make a fortune, but it is a great field for people who want to make a living while helping other people with the most challenging aspects of life.
Cleveland State University
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Sathish Kumar Ph.D.: I think the coronavirus pandemic has only accelerated the technology trends such as digital payment, tele health, ecommerce, telework, elearning, AI/Robotics etc., All these accelerations of the technology trends only increase the demand for the graduates especially for the graduates majoring in computer science, and information systems/technology.
I believe the concept of remote work and remote meetings is going to stay and has changed how one would be working and the new graduated or the junior professional should try to adapt or build the skills to be successful in the new work environment.
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
University Career Center
Dr. Patrick Madsen: What tends to help individuals do well in any field and increase their earning potential is to pay close attention to building a strong professional network, staying on top of the competencies/skills that the industry demands in candidates, and remembering to have a mindset of a "lifelong learner" - the future of work demands agile knowledge workers that are flexible to new situations and environments. The current pandemic is a perfect example of the need for an agile and flexible workforce.
Dr. Patrick Madsen: At this time, it is hard to know if there will be an "enduring impact" on graduates but I can say that there has been a big difference between what we saw during the "Great Recession" versus our current situation. With our current situation, I have noticed employers really making a good effort to continue their internship programs in a remote environment, create new online training opportunities for students, and new partnerships in the development of NEW internships for students. Our career center has really stepped up to the plate to show students the multitude of ways they can continue to build skills and "resume capital" aside from just traditional internships during this time and providing them the skills to "recession proof" their careers in the future.
Dr. Patrick Madsen: A "good job" is defined in many different ways and is somewhat subjective. Most people begin that conversation with "does it pay enough", but we have really seen students start to drift from salary being at the top of their list to more things like: does it connect to my strengths, does the company value what I value, do I see a "future" with the company or opportunity for growth, and the importance of work/life balance. In our line of work, we call this "Purposeful Work".

Dr. Michael Oudshoorn: Earning potential is attached to 2 things: technical expertise and life skills. The technical skills are essential in order to do the job, but to be truly successful and move up the corporate ladder you need to demonstrate skills such as clear and concise communication, honest and ethical behavior, interpersonal skills, and leadership. Being a good team member and contributing in interdisciplinary teams are skills that cannot be underestimated.
Charalampos Chelmis: The interest in skilled computer scientists and engineers is still high, so well versed job seekers don't have much to worry about. Machine learning and data science related experience, software development skills and the ability to quickly adapt to new environments/technologies are be critical.
Charalampos Chelmis: Computer scientists and engineers have seen a steady growth in salaries up to the years before the pandemic. Although I don't anticipate this trend to slow down, entry-level positions and positions whose profiles include a significant portion of remote activities may incur reduced salary as compared to on site positions.
Karen Masters Ph.D.: I think a good job is one that can hold a graduate's interest and of course pay their bills. Ideally it would be a job with prospects for continued learning and advancement/promotion.
Southern Oregon University
Educational Administration And Supervision
Amy Belcastro Ph.D.: I would refer you to my first email and add what many are saying, the genie is not going gently back into the bottle. Working from a distance is not going away. That said, the ripple effect will shift how we educate, communicate, and employ people. The ability to thrive within ambiguity, communicate effectively via technology and with cultural humility, and be innovative within and outside of the box will be in high demand.
Amy Belcastro Ph.D.: First, focus on updating your current resume to clearly communicate and provide evidence of your transferable skills and cognitive competencies such as strong communication and technology skills; the ability to work well with others who may be different in backgrounds, beliefs, etc.; leadership skills, and problem solving and complex thinking. After you have done this, assess where you are lacking and create a plan to strengthen your resume by seeking experiences. A very popular method of doing this is by completing a digital badge or micro-credential at an institute of higher education. It is a way of acknowledging competencies and skills in much less time than a college degree would take. Some may only be a few credits. This is becoming very popular for the workforce and therefore more institutions of higher education are offering these, some in partnership with companies.
Seattle Pacific University
Music Department
Christopher Hanson: I think we will see an amplified debate on school choice and school funding, which will directly affect the hiring and sustainability of school administrators, leaders, and teachers. The pandemic has exposed already obvious inequities to school access and the quality of education in different arenas, e.g., homeschool, charter school, private school, public school, etc. Students and schools in more affluent communities have the infrastructure (or the means to establish the infrastructure) to support online learning and have arguably not experienced any real setbacks in the progress of their learning (specifically in terms of content, whereas I believe everyone has been affected in terms of social and emotional learning).
Many private schools have offered in-person or hybrid instruction before the states have recommended since they are not dependent on tax dollars and not required to adhere to the same guidelines as the public and some charter schools that depend on government funding. With all of this, I believe we will see a somewhat superficial, and what I believe is misguided, shift to technology. This is reactionary rather than responsive. Many districts have already begun to hire staff, faculty, and administration that are more comfortable or experienced with Title IV funding and programming and the use of technology in teaching and learning (in school and at home).
"One-to-one" initiatives have been pushed to the top of budgetary requirements and instructional expectations and overshadowed other needs. This is not to say that technology isn't important, particularly in the extraordinary time we are living through. However, if we do not build and redesign all of our systems, conflating only one aspect of education will create a severe imbalance and perpetuate problems of equity, access, retention, and sustainability.
Christopher Hanson: Keep asking questions and look for opportunities to engage in teaching and learning wherever you can. Connect with peers and future colleagues. Do not just wait. Now is the time to create and sustain dialog on educational change. Although there are endless numbers of variables to how, when, what, and with whom we learn, our genuine curiosity and sincere desire to engage others in the educative process is our greatest hope to see education in a better place than it was before the pandemic.
We must heed the call of innovation and encourage a transition from our current state of triage and survival. You, as a recent graduate, are the future of what education will be. Ask yourself, what will the world look like that you will help create? Is this a world that you and others can learn in? What more can you do to secure the possibilities and promise of education for all? These are the questions that will fuel change and secure growth through the inevitable vicissitudes of education.

California State University - Fresno
Literacy, Early, Bilingual and Special Education Department
Cheryl McDonald: One of biggest trends in the job market, pandemic or not, is in education. There is real shortage of qualified educators, service providers and educational leaders, despite the incentives, stipends, or bonus monies that districts and universities use to attract candidates to the field. There is a shortage of qualified credentialed teachers in many teaching disciplines across most of the United States. The most severe shortages are in special education, mathematics, science, bilingual/dual immersion, and early childhood education. There is also a need for qualified school administrators, school psychologists, school social workers, school nurses, and school counselors.
All of these areas require specialized knowledge and specialized certification, in addition to a passion and dedication for the discipline. In California, for example, earning a teaching credential requires a Bachelor's degree, fingerprint clearance from local, state and federal law enforcement agencies, completion of the U.S. Constitution, basics skills, subject matter and literacy instruction requirements, typically through costly and rigorous tests, current certification in CPR for infants, children and adults, and completion of a teacher preparation program in the area of the credential. In special education, a candidate would need to complete a teacher preparation program in a specialty area: mild/moderate disabilities, moderate/severe disabilities, physical, visual, or health impairments, deaf and hard of hearing, or speech and language development.
Each day spent with students is unique and exciting. Teachers, service providers and leaders not only need to be qualified, they also need to be compassionate, collaborative, adaptable, flexible, and effective, especially when the unexpected arises. Virtual/online teaching skills are a plus. Teachers and educational leaders also need to be prepared to work with culturally- and linguistically-diverse student and family populations, with students who are gifted and talented, and students experiencing risk factors such as homelessness, poverty, drug or alcohol dependency, frequent absences or bullying.
Cheryl McDonald: A resume should focus on the person's strongest, most relevant qualifications, experiences and professional skills, stated as much as possible in the "buzzwords" of the profession. Resumes are tailored to the specific job for which the candidate is applying. In addition to qualifications, professional skills and experience, employers also want applicants who are efficient, effective, timely, flexible, collaborative, adaptable, technologically savvy, accepting of constructive criticism, willing to improve performance, and skilled at solving problems before or as they as arise. Candidates should learn and practice using the tools that the employer uses, whether it is equipment, machines, technology, or software applications. The degree of familiarity or proficiency the candidate has for the tools the employer uses should be listed on the resume and shared in the interview. Before the interview, candidates should practice using the tools that the employer uses, prepare specific examples and instances of their proficiency in using those tools, and when possible, use the tools the employer uses during the interview.
I recommend that applicants approach their resumes in three ways. First, place yourself in the shoes of the potential employer. What qualifications, experience, and additional skills would you would want in someone you hire for the job? Second, think about what you want to convey and how you wish to represent yourself. Third, because English is read from the left to the right, mentally divide the resume page into quadrants, and place your most relevant information in the upper left quadrant first and then move to the upper right quadrant. This format is also appropriate for eye or word recognition software, used in many large-scale businesses and school districts, to scan the many resumes they receive.
Cheryl McDonald: After graduation, candidates should begin their search for available education positions, whether teaching or leadership in universities or preschool-12 schools, in populous states like California, Texas and New York or in rural and suburban high-poverty areas. There the needs are greatest and positions are more likely to be available and advertised. I would also ask friends, colleagues and professionals I knew to keep an eye open for available positions. You never know when an unexpected lead will pop up.

Minnesota State University, Mankato
Sociology Department
Aaron Hoy Ph.D.: It is good news for our society and for sociology majors that employers have already put an increased emphasis on hiring and retaining employees who have a solid understanding of issues of diversity and inclusion. This emphasis will likely continue for the foreseeable future, which is a good opportunity for sociology majors who are comfortable working in diverse environments and really understand and appreciate human diversity in terms of race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sex, gender identity or expression, and sexuality, among others. In fact, right now, diversity-related skills are those that recent sociology graduates say they are most likely to use and benefit from in the workplace, according to a 2015 report from the American Sociological Association.
I would also encourage sociology majors to prioritize rigorous methodological training to the extent that they can within their specific program. There are already many, many jobs available for college graduates with research skills, including in the private sector, and these are likely to grow in the coming years. However, sociology majors sometimes overlook these jobs or opt not to apply for them. As an advisor myself, I suspect that this is often because students do not feel confident in their research skills or because they assume that, say, a psychology or an economics major would be a better fit. But these are good-paying jobs with above-average levels of employee satisfaction, and sociology majors should not take themselves out of the running for them.
Although it may be scary or uncomfortable for some students, taking an extra research design or statistics class might be a good idea. And of course, writing up research results and presenting them in clear, logical ways is a key part of the research process, so as always, students should make a very concerted effort to improve their written and verbal communication skills as best they can. That may mean taking an extra composition or public speaking class if necessary.
Aaron Hoy Ph.D.: Increasingly, I hear employers say that they look to see if recent college graduates, sociology majors included, have relevant "real-world" experience, especially internships. For this reason, many sociology programs (including my own) have recently moved to make internships a required component of the major. Sociology majors who are not required to complete an internship may consider doing one anyway. But given the specific industries that sociology majors typically work in, volunteering should not be discounted altogether.
For instance, the American Sociological Association's data has consistently shown that "Social Services/Counselor" is the job category sociology majors are most likely to work in immediately following graduation. And the specific places they work often include various non-profit organizations like shelters for victims of domestic violence or homeless youth, all of which rely on volunteers. Sociology majors who do volunteer work in college not only benefit their communities; they also show at least some potential employers that they understand why they do the work they do and what it looks like on the ground.

Oakland University
Department of Organizational Leadership
Dr. Cynthia Carver: Hone your teaching skills! Schools will continue to need substitute teachers and para-professionals. Child care facilitates and after-school programs will still need teachers. And it's likely that many families will be seeking tutors as their children catch up. To gain experience and build your resume, seek opportunities that mirror the work you do as a classroom teacher.

Dr. Jennifer Lineback Ph.D.: Practical experience working with real learners/students! Whether that experience be through formal academic programs (i.e., through volunteering in a classroom or being hired as an academic tutor or aid), or informal programming (i.e., working with children during after school care, Sunday School, or summer camps), the more experience graduates have with children, the better!
Dr. Jennifer Lineback Ph.D.: Graduates will need to be comfortable adapting to evolving conditions. More than ever, we have collectively learned that situations can change, quickly. To be successful in education during this time and in the coming years, educators will need to be patient, flexible, and willing to modify their approach to teaching/learning when situations change. Having knowledge and understanding of a wide variety of instructional strategies, both for in-person and remote learning, will be critical, as will the ability to know when and how to implement these different strategies. Furthermore, our students will need strategies to support students' socio-emotional learning and cultural competency, in addition to those focused on developing content knowledge.

Indiana University Kokomo
Department of Sociology
Niki Weller Ph.D.: Something critical to a successful resume is highlighting how your sociology degree has given you the skills, knowledge, and experience that employers want. For example, students with experience in social research should offer evidence of their experience with data collection (e.g., surveys, interviews, participant observation), data analysis (e.g., descriptive statistics, correlation, regression), and report writing based on original research and/or secondary data collection. Depending on the job you're seeking, students should highlight the various types of quantitative or qualitative research methods that they have been trained in. Sociologists study social change, diverse communities, and their interactions using scientific methods to find empirical answers to complex social questions. Students should highlight having a deeper understanding of diversity dimensions including race, class, and gender by possibly mentioning specific topics of papers written or projects completed, relative to the types of jobs they are pursuing.
Niki Weller Ph.D.: Students need to demonstrate that they are versatile communicators, with strong written and oral communication skills. Students should take full advantage of any public speaking opportunities, such as conference presentations, to demonstrate evidence of this skill. Employers want to hire people who are personable, involved, and have potential leadership qualities. Students should be engaged in campus extracurricular activities, including student clubs, experiential learning events, or community engagements. Research skills, like data collection and analysis, are extremely important and can be applied in a variety of professions. Students should hone these skills through social science research.
Kimberly Lewinski Ph.D.: I do believe that education as we know it has changed forever. I predict that snow days will be a thing of the past as we have rapidly learned how to adjust instruction in a virtual way. We also know that children learn better in person, so certainly their job is safe. Teachers entering the work force will need to be more tech savvy than ever. The online platforms and new organizational trends for education will continue to be a part of daily education systems. Programs to help ensure all children have access to technology will be ever more important as this will be a very important part of the curriculum.