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| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 13 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 8 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 8 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 13 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 13 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $91,586 | $44.03 | +2.6% |
| 2024 | $89,242 | $42.90 | +1.7% |
| 2023 | $87,778 | $42.20 | +1.6% |
| 2022 | $86,385 | $41.53 | +3.1% |
| 2021 | $83,782 | $40.28 | +1.8% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | District of Columbia | 693,972 | 281 | 40% |
| 2 | Maryland | 6,052,177 | 1,202 | 20% |
| 3 | Virginia | 8,470,020 | 1,597 | 19% |
| 4 | Vermont | 623,657 | 119 | 19% |
| 5 | Oregon | 4,142,776 | 728 | 18% |
| 6 | Delaware | 961,939 | 176 | 18% |
| 7 | Colorado | 5,607,154 | 936 | 17% |
| 8 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 174 | 16% |
| 9 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 835 | 15% |
| 10 | Utah | 3,101,833 | 465 | 15% |
| 11 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 189 | 14% |
| 12 | New York | 19,849,399 | 2,643 | 13% |
| 13 | Nebraska | 1,920,076 | 241 | 13% |
| 14 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 109 | 13% |
| 15 | Illinois | 12,802,023 | 1,597 | 12% |
| 16 | Pennsylvania | 12,805,537 | 1,514 | 12% |
| 17 | New Jersey | 9,005,644 | 1,074 | 12% |
| 18 | Arizona | 7,016,270 | 835 | 12% |
| 19 | Connecticut | 3,588,184 | 427 | 12% |
| 20 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 70 | 12% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Frankfort | 1 | 4% | $66,181 |
| 2 | Annapolis | 1 | 3% | $94,516 |
| 3 | Dover | 1 | 3% | $96,543 |
| 4 | Juneau | 1 | 3% | $55,384 |
| 5 | Hartford | 1 | 1% | $102,707 |
| 6 | Lansing | 1 | 1% | $80,442 |
| 7 | Little Rock | 1 | 1% | $61,401 |
| 8 | Springfield | 1 | 1% | $67,173 |
| 9 | Tallahassee | 1 | 1% | $70,127 |
| 10 | Topeka | 1 | 1% | $55,923 |
| 11 | Atlanta | 1 | 0% | $67,332 |
| 12 | Baton Rouge | 1 | 0% | $67,759 |
| 13 | Boston | 1 | 0% | $99,016 |
| 14 | Des Moines | 1 | 0% | $64,814 |
| 15 | Indianapolis | 1 | 0% | $74,855 |
| 16 | Montgomery | 1 | 0% | $72,360 |
| 17 | Phoenix | 1 | 0% | $71,174 |
| 18 | Sacramento | 1 | 0% | $105,375 |
University of Nebraska - Omaha

Humboldt State University

Virginia Commonwealth University
Luther College

Florida Gulf Coast University

Menlo College
San Francisco State University
John Lyden: Research skills (ability to find and interpret information), oral and written communication skills (ability to present information clearly), data analysis and interpretation, language interpretation and translation. Computer facility will be highly valued. Employers will include those in higher education, government, non-profits, research institutes, and museums.

Dr. Anne Paulet Ph.D.: In terms of soft skills, those probably won't change much, they will simply be practiced differently. Being flexible is important since jobs may switch between home and office and since one may be dealing with someone else working from home and the challenges that can present-what cat owner hasn't had their cat walk in front of the camera or step on the wrong computer key? The ability to work in groups will continue to have importance as well as the ability to manage your own time and meet deadlines. At the same time, the nature of computer camera interaction means that people will have to learn to "read" others differently than they would in an in-person environment. Many recent articles have talked about how it is harder to read facial cues or detect emotional responses on the computer. Again, those presently taking synchronous classes have the opportunity to practice these skills--providing students turn on their cameras rather than relying only on audio. If the past year has demonstrated anything, it is that people need to be more culturally aware and sensitive and also be able to work with people of diverse backgrounds. History classes are a great way for students to better understand what others have gone through and how that might impact interaction today. Additionally, history classes-as well as college in general-should provide students with the skills to help create the kind of changes in institutions and companies that need to be made to make them more inclusive. Perhaps the greatest skill college students have is the ability to learn. I never intended to teach online, yet here I am doing just that. It required learning new ways to approach teaching, reconsideration of the ways students learned in the new environment, and figuring out new online programs to make all this happen. I was forced to do this as a result of the pandemic but most students will find that this sort of adjustment-whether foreseen or not-will be a regular part of their career path. The ability to learn these new skills, to apply new methods and to approach issues in new and innovative ways will help them stand out when it comes to looking for a job.

Dr. Robert Gowdy: Companies want to hire people who can be productive immediately. The most important skill for any type of research or development job is a track record of work in the exact area that a company is hiring for. That record could come from thesis research, postdoctoral work, or from an internship experience. Beyond that, it helps to be familiar with a wide variety of research techniques, computer programs, and systems to increase the chance that one of them is what a given company is looking for.
Luther College
Department of Sociology
Dr. Charlotte Kunkel: The skills that will stand out on resumes are the ability to grapple with the complexities of a rapidly changing world, the ability to view the world from a critical perspective, and the ability to research social issues impacting society. It will also be an advantage to be able to critically analyze scholarship and synthesize sociological theory and ideas. Employers will be looking for skills to evaluate evidence and offer solutions. Sociology helps students to develop proficiency in the use of both quantitative and qualitative research methods, conduct scholarly research, gain proficiency in data analysis, and offer solutions at the root of social problems.

Dr. Glenn Whitehouse: -Work from home arrangements are more common now and will probably continue after the pandemic - this should make it less necessary to migrate to a major city to find good work
-Along with virtual work goes the need to be able to do your job in a technologically mediated way. Workers in all fields will need to "tech up" and know workplace software, even if they are not employed in a "tech" field
-Career paths are likely to become less linear and less secure in an unstable economy. This puts a premium on career flexibility and the ability to pivot among opportunities and adapt to change. Philosophy majors actually have some advantages here, since the key skills of philosophy - critical thinking, problem solving, persuasion, writing - are all highly transferable between jobs.

Shalini Gopalkrishnan: Reskilling and upskilling rather than four year degrees. Already Google, Amazon, IBM, and other firms have removed the bachelor's degree requirement. Please be agile, keep an open mind, and learn new things. You will always be a student as the pace of change is rapid. Get into a growth mindset now.
San Francisco State University
Department of Marketing, Management, and Economics
Matthew Fisher SFSU, Hult, SMC: Experience in the industry that you are applying always stands out more. However, many firms would benefit greatly by hiring individuals with experience in other fields to inject fresh perspectives into the business. As a result, this is one of those areas that many firms ought to be doing something different than their normal business-as-usual practices.
Matthew Fisher SFSU, Hult, SMC: Students will need to have some exposure to more technical skills. I say "exposure" for the fact that not everyone needs to know how to code, but understanding what coders do goes a long way in empowering young professionals to work in roles adjacent to those with technical skills that they might not have. However, the core skill that will not be outmoded anytime soon is to have robust critical thinking skills and a motivation to keep learning. While firms may seek to fill an immediate need position, it's always better to hire individuals who can learn for the fact that you can almost always teach specific skills.