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| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 268 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 210 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 215 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 205 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 198 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $60,102 | $28.90 | +2.8% |
| 2024 | $58,438 | $28.09 | --0.1% |
| 2023 | $58,525 | $28.14 | +0.5% |
| 2022 | $58,223 | $27.99 | +1.1% |
| 2021 | $57,585 | $27.69 | +1.6% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | District of Columbia | 693,972 | 541 | 78% |
| 2 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 583 | 43% |
| 3 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 2,347 | 42% |
| 4 | Delaware | 961,939 | 392 | 41% |
| 5 | Massachusetts | 6,859,819 | 2,683 | 39% |
| 6 | Iowa | 3,145,711 | 1,233 | 39% |
| 7 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 293 | 39% |
| 8 | Virginia | 8,470,020 | 3,195 | 38% |
| 9 | Georgia | 10,429,379 | 3,825 | 37% |
| 10 | Montana | 1,050,493 | 393 | 37% |
| 11 | Indiana | 6,666,818 | 2,409 | 36% |
| 12 | Colorado | 5,607,154 | 2,040 | 36% |
| 13 | Missouri | 6,113,532 | 2,124 | 35% |
| 14 | Illinois | 12,802,023 | 4,330 | 34% |
| 15 | Maryland | 6,052,177 | 2,063 | 34% |
| 16 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 198 | 34% |
| 17 | North Carolina | 10,273,419 | 3,378 | 33% |
| 18 | South Carolina | 5,024,369 | 1,674 | 33% |
| 19 | Utah | 3,101,833 | 1,035 | 33% |
| 20 | Connecticut | 3,588,184 | 1,111 | 31% |
| Rank | City | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl | Avg. salary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Washington | 1 | 0% | $91,250 |
Indiana University Kokomo

Texas Tech University

Pennsylvania State University - Greater Allegheny

University of New Hampshire

Cypress College, School of Culinary Arts & Hospitality Management

Missouri State University
Lynn University

University of Central Florida

Grand Valley State University

University of South Alabama

Kent State University

Kansas State University
Dr. Kim Roberts: Business professionals lead organizations by focused efforts that revolve around products/services, processes, and people. Business professionals work to ensure the firm's products and/or services meet customer expectations, with an eye toward an ever-changing market. They manage processes that produce or support the firm's products. This requires the ability to analyze data to make informed decisions, to drive continuous improvement, and to solve problems through critical thinking. Successful business professionals must also create climates that promote teamwork and foster collaboration.
Indiana University Kokomo
Business/Commerce
Mark Meng Ph.D.: Analytical skill comes at the top. The hospitality world has becoming increasingly
dependent on data. Crisis and emergency management demonstrated their importance
in the past three years across all areas of the hospitality industry.

Texas Tech University
Restaurant, Hotel, & Institutional Management Program
Charlie Adams Ph.D.: Specific, measurable skills such as certification for specific activities like bartending or Serve Safe. Demonstrate capabilities through past work experience such as waiting tables, hosting, front desk, housekeeping, etc., that show effort and familiarity with the environment. Also, demonstration of marketing, sales, and/or finance are extremely beneficial. These assessable skills should be found on the resume called out in the job descriptions. Additionally, a person's work experience should reflect their career aspirations and goals. The best measure of future performance is past experience!

Pennsylvania State University - Greater Allegheny
Business Department
Bernie Cerasaro: Skills employers would be looking for would be functional skills and interpersonal skills. Functional skills should stand out on a resume and be aligned to the business job in question. For example, if focused on marketing positions, marketing skills such as data analytics, market research, consumer behavior, global marketing, and professional selling skills would be areas for which employers would be looking. If the job market is looking for someone in accounting, then functional skills that would stand out would be intermediate financial accounting skills and courses on taxation and auditing. For those seeking positions in project management or supply chain management, skills that would stand out would encompass subject matter such as project management, portfolio management, operations planning and control, purchasing and materials management, and knowledge of ERP type systems and other business processes.
Skill sets can be enhanced via various types of certification. For example, those interested in accounting might pursue a CPA (Certified Public Accountant) license, which requires 150 credits. As most universities require 120 credits for a bachelor's degree in business, a CPA would require just an additional 30 credits, which students can start accumulating while still at college. Project management certification is also an opportunity to enhance the aforementioned skills and would certainly stand out on an applicant's resume. The Project Management Institute (PMI) promotes PMP certification, which validates that you are highly skilled in soft skills to lead project teams and have the required technical aspects of managing projects. Some universities are working with the PMI to have PMI-approved courses. Approved courses are used toward the PMP training hours required to sit for the exam. For example, Penn State University has received approval for two such courses, Portfolio Management and Organizations and Project Planning and Resource Management.
Due to the high rate of interaction with the global marketplace and the complexity of international business, managers are looking more closely at applicants who have some familiarity with global markets and international culture, such as applicants who may have study abroad experience, traveled internationally, speak a foreign language or have lived or worked in another country.

University of New Hampshire
Peter T. Paul College of Business and Economics
Daniel Innis Ph.D.: I think that an understanding of revenue management is key. I tell my students that in every transaction, every party should feel that they made a "profit." The business gets some money. The customer should get more value than the money that they gave up. If that is the case, then they come back. In addition, the ability to spot opportunities for additional revenue is key. We never charge for parking or internet at our properties as that annoys customers. We did, however, offer beer and wine room service (the front desk staff could handle that) at a great price, and we had a gift shop that was right next to the front desk, again staffed when necessary by the front desk. These two moves did not add expenses to our operation, but they did add revenue and profit. Spotting those easy opportunities to add value for guests is key, and it is great when it also adds to the bottom line.

Cypress College, School of Culinary Arts & Hospitality Management
Hotel, Restaurant & Culinary Arts
Amanda Gargano: A combination of soft skills, interpersonal skills, and technical skills is ideal. Oftentimes, hiring managers in hospitality are very willing to onboard a new employee with strong, soft skills, knowing that the technical skills can be taught through on-the-job training and mentoring. Continuing education, participating in networking opportunities, and industry-focused workshops and conferences are all good ways to continue to learn and add to your resume.

Dr. Liza Cobos: Employers are looking for transferable skills, skills like critical thinking and technical skills (i.e. excel) are in demand. Having the technical skills to analyze data and critical thinking skills to generate and provide solutions. The industry is always looking for ways to improve sales and pricing strategies to help the bottom line. Being able to demonstrate these skills will with career advancement.
Amanda Main Ph.D.: I believe there will be an enduring impact of the pandemic on graduates, and I believe it will be composed of both disadvantages and advantages. Obviously, we have seen a decline in employment across almost all sectors, which has reduced opportunities for post-graduation employment. The safety restrictions are also making it difficult for many students to find internships while in the final years of study, and that is a real disadvantage because it is depriving them of invaluable real-world experience that will help them succeed in the workplace, and that employers are looking for.
Unfortunately, the pandemic is also going to have deleterious effects for many female graduates, as job sectors that have heavy female representation such as hospitality, retail, and education have been disproportionately impacted, and we may see the wage gap returning to be more of an issue than we have seen in recent years. On the other hand, graduates will be entering the job market with coping skills that are going to be incredibly valuable in the coming times.
Students have had to adapt, integrate new technologies, and learn new ways of doing things in response to this event, and college graduates have the advantage of being trained in this, as colleges and universities have been very intentional about not throwing their students into the deep end of the pool without support and guidance. This should make them an asset to the workforce as industries begin to rebuild and continue to look forward with an innovative mindset.
Amanda Main Ph.D.: This is a great question because there has actually been an increasing call for colleges and universities to enhance their curriculums because organizations are finding recent graduates lacking in soft skills that are necessary for success. In addition to the skills I mentioned above, The National Association for Colleges and Employers released a list of critical competencies to ensure career readiness, which includes skills such as critical thinking and problem solving, oral and written communication, teamwork and collaboration, leadership, professionalism and work ethic, career management, and global/intercultural fluency.
This should be a bare minimum that graduates are striving for. I would also suggest having a strong focus on increasing emotional intelligence (EQ), which will really help at several career stages including promoting oneself in a job search, negotiating employment offers, advancing and maturing through the arc of one's career, and even exiting from the workforce at retirement.
There are a lot of ways to obtain these skills, and it is important to really give them attention and practice when opportunities arise in the classroom, such as writing papers and giving presentations, to learning from podcasts and reading books and attending open webinars by experts and influencers. These skills are very attainable, but I have found that few graduates take the opportunities to develop them, but by putting forth that extra effort, a graduate can really stand out.

Jessica Wickey-Byrd: In regards to the job market in the hospitality and tourism industry, the biggest trend we are seeing is the ability to pivot into other industries while ours is rebuilding. Hospitality students have excellent transferable skills that translate across multiple industries. They have guest service skills, marketing skills, financial skills, and human resource skills that are applicable in retail, real estate, financial services, healthcare, senior living, marketing and more. Hospitality students are trained with servant leadership, and have the soft skills to be leaders across all careers.

Grand Valley State University
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management
Amanda Stansbie: -Career progression and development within said career.
-A purpose to the resume-the appropriate steps have seemingly been followed to reach the individual's 'dream goals.'
-Loyalty and commitment to a desired career path.
-Hard work and [relatively] consistent employment.
-Your areas of interest and what you do in your own time; volunteer work, hobbies etc., indicators of the type of person you are and how you might 'fit in' with the organization you are applying to work for. Many organizations are becoming more 'invested' in corporate social responsibility, thus working with your local community through volunteerism shows high character traits, selflessness and humility.

University of South Alabama
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management
Evelyn Green Ph.D.: Given the pandemic, the transition to virtual communication, from remote learning to virtual job interviews and the creation of new remote jobs or positions that never existed before, are some of the biggest trends that are likely to become a mainstay of our job market. I will use the analogy of the introduction of microwave cooking: once launched, it became a mainstay of our day-to-day lives. It never truly replaced oven or stove-top cooking, but it carved a place of importance, value, and relevance in our daily need for quick and instantaneous gratification. With the creation and rise of remote job opportunities, the job market is now truly global. Remote job opportunities allow for mobility. One can work anywhere, anytime. This broadens the job market, while simultaneously increasing its competitiveness. There's a trending demand for technical skills which may increase demand for career and technical programs offered by community colleges. Technology and practical skills, such as software programming and culinary arts, are great skills to acquire if your passion resides in these areas.

Mandy Ulicney: In the hospitality industry people look for the intangibles. Everyone works, so that's great, but what else do they do? Do they volunteer? Do they coach a sport? Are they part of a community committee? Those types of things show the employer that they are service-minded, which goes a long way in our industry. Also, being bi-lingual is a big asset to many hospitality employers.

Kansas State University
Department of Hospitality Management
Yue Teng-Vaughan Ph.D., CHIA: I believe it will be an increase in demand in this field in the next 5 years. As the hospitality industry gradually recovers, businesses will get back to normal, and people will want to travel and eat out. To support consumers' needs, businesses in this field will hire again.