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| Year | # of jobs | % of population |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 43 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | 39 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 40 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 40 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | 40 | 0.00% |
| Year | Avg. salary | Hourly rate | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $66,783 | $32.11 | +6.2% |
| 2024 | $62,883 | $30.23 | +1.7% |
| 2023 | $61,858 | $29.74 | +0.6% |
| 2022 | $61,510 | $29.57 | +0.9% |
| 2021 | $60,933 | $29.29 | +1.6% |
| Rank | State | Population | # of jobs | Employment/ 1000ppl |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | District of Columbia | 693,972 | 133 | 19% |
| 2 | South Dakota | 869,666 | 138 | 16% |
| 3 | Wyoming | 579,315 | 91 | 16% |
| 4 | Massachusetts | 6,859,819 | 1,018 | 15% |
| 5 | North Dakota | 755,393 | 115 | 15% |
| 6 | Vermont | 623,657 | 93 | 15% |
| 7 | Rhode Island | 1,059,639 | 150 | 14% |
| 8 | Delaware | 961,939 | 131 | 14% |
| 9 | Alaska | 739,795 | 107 | 14% |
| 10 | Oregon | 4,142,776 | 538 | 13% |
| 11 | Utah | 3,101,833 | 401 | 13% |
| 12 | Nebraska | 1,920,076 | 250 | 13% |
| 13 | Montana | 1,050,493 | 135 | 13% |
| 14 | Washington | 7,405,743 | 872 | 12% |
| 15 | New Hampshire | 1,342,795 | 158 | 12% |
| 16 | Minnesota | 5,576,606 | 605 | 11% |
| 17 | Colorado | 5,607,154 | 590 | 11% |
| 18 | Idaho | 1,716,943 | 172 | 10% |
| 19 | California | 39,536,653 | 3,398 | 9% |
| 20 | New Jersey | 9,005,644 | 795 | 9% |
Berry College
Kean University

Indiana University Northwest
University of South Florida
Illinois Wesleyan University
DePaul University
Cal Poly
University of Kansas

Bates College
Bucknell University
University of Minnesota

University of Oregon
University of San Francisco

Sam Houston State University
Southern Utah University

Azusa Pacific University

Independence Community College
Morgan State University

Misericordia University

Finlandia University
Berry College
Rhetoric And Composition/Writing Studies
Whitney Adams: An individual entering the writing field may do the following tasks daily:
1. Researching and brainstorming ideas for new articles, stories, or projects
2. Writing and editing content for various platforms, including websites, blogs,
newspapers, magazines, or social media
3. Pitching ideas and articles to editors or clients
4. Conducting interviews with sources for articles or stories
5. Collaborating with other writers, editors, and team members
6. Reviewing and editing drafts of their work
7. Engaging with readers and followers on social media
8. Marketing and promoting their work
9. Attending writing workshops, events, or networking opportunities
10.Keeping up to date with industry trends and news in the writing field
Whitney Adams: 1. Demand for content: With the rise of digital marketing, social media, and online
publications, there is a high demand for content creators and writers. Companies need
quality written content to attract and engage their audience.
2. Remote work opportunities: Writing is a flexible profession that can often be done
remotely. This allows writers to work from anywhere in the world, making it a great
profession for those who value freedom and flexibility.
3. Growth potential: As a writer, there are many opportunities for growth and
advancement. Writers can specialize in different niches, such as copywriting, technical
writing, or content marketing, and can continue to develop their skills and expertise over
time.
4. Passive income potential: Writers can also generate passive income through
avenues such as self-publishing books, creating online courses, or starting a blog. This
allows writers to earn money even when they are not actively working.
5. Creative fulfillment: For many people, writing is a fulfilling and rewarding profession
that allows them to express their creativity and share their ideas with others. Writing can
be a way to inspire, educate, and connect with others on a deeper level.
Overall, writing is a good profession to enter now because of the high demand for
content, remote work opportunities, growth potential, passive income potential, and
creative fulfillment it can provide.
What do people dislike about being a writer?
1. Writer's block: Writer's block is a common challenge that many writers face,
where they struggle to come up with new ideas or find inspiration.
2. Criticism and rejection: Writing can be a vulnerable and subjective art form, and
writers may face criticism or rejection from publishers, readers, or reviewers.
3. Isolation: Writing can be a solitary pursuit, and some writers may find the
isolation challenging.
4. Inconsistency: Writing can often be unpredictable in terms of income and
success, with some writers facing financial
Whitney Adams: The day-to-day activities of a writer can vary depending on the type of writing they are
engaged in (e.g., fiction, non-fiction, journalism, technical writing, blogging, copywriting,
etc.). However, some common tasks that writers may engage in daily include:
1. Researching and brainstorming ideas for writing projects
2. Writing and drafting content
3. Editing and revising drafts
4. Collaborating with editors, clients, or other team members
5. Conducting interviews or gathering information for articles or stories
6. Pitching ideas to publications or clients
7. Managing deadlines and keeping track of assignments
8. Promoting their work through social media
9. Networking with other writers, editors, or industry professionals
10.Reading and staying current on industry trends and developments
11.Creating and editing project manuals
12.Creating and editing instructional guides
Frank Argote-Freyre: It is important to take part in a variety of internships prior to entering the workplace. You need to invest in yourself. Many of these internships might provide no pay or low pay but they are essential to gaining experience. This will allow a candidate to begin their career search with experience in the field. This makes them a more valuable asset to an employer. Language acquisition is also important. US society is diverse so the ability to reach more diverse language communities is a big plus.

Indiana University Northwest
English Department
Brian O'Camb Ph.D.: Honestly, I am not qualified to respond to that question because I don't hire recent graduates, so I don't see resumes from them. However, as a professor, I recommend that all my students get as much writing experience as possible, ideally through an internship, so they can lean on that experience in their job materials.
Dr. Wilma Davidson: According to the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE), there are 20 skills listed to increase their value in the workplace. Yearly, NACE surveys employers and ranks these skills and, according to their latest survey, the top five skills new graduates should possess are the following:
Problem-solving
Ability to work on a team
Strong work ethic
Analytic/quantitative skill
Written communication skills
For several decades, the ability to write well has appeared near the top of NACE's list of skills valued by employees. And, I suspect, it will remain among the top for decades to come. Writing, so your ideas and plans are understandable and actionable, is the secret sauce of your workplace success. No matter how good your idea is, if you cannot communicate it easily to another, you won't receive the attention and accolades you deserve.
Dr. Wilma Davidson: All businesses need good writers. You can work remotely as a freelancer or an employee without concern about where your employer is located. Technology makes it easy for an excellent writer to write productively from anywhere. Naturally, if you wish to enter a field like PR or Advertising or Editing/Publishing, you might want to live in a large city where major firms are located. However, right that advice might have been a decade ago, it no longer applies. If you'd like to be a technical writer, there is an advantage to being close to the engineers you may be working with as you write their manuals, but that can be handled-and already is-being handled remotely.
Joanne Diaz Ph.D.: Quite often, people assume that teaching is the only professional path available to students who major in English. While we are delighted when English majors pursue careers in education, our graduates go on to a wide range of careers in law, journalism, public relations, marketing, information technology, library science, public policy, museum curation, and publishing.
English, like all of the humanities disciplines (Philosophy, Religion, History, and Classics), prepares students to read, write, listen, and persuade well; in addition, these disciplines help students to create habits of mind. These are the graduates who are flexible, resilient, and adaptable. Those last three descriptors are incredibly important for students who are entering the workforce in the twenty-first century.
Ted Anton: They will need to know how to understand and communicate complex information, often contradictory, in a catchy and understandable way. They will have to read professional data online, in business, medicine, health, you name it and then create a sales or summary pitch for investors. So, reading, writing, communication skills will continue to be important. Math, of course, is a big plus, but up to the advanced algebra level... Statistical skills will be helpful. Overall, employers are seeking curious, adventurous, bold, and creative thinkers and communicators for an ever-changing world.
Eileen Buecher: I believe there will be an impact on all of us. Work will look differently as I see some of the creative initiatives higher education and industries have taken to keep people safe and support the economy flowing may be integrated into how we provide services and do our jobs long-term. COVID teaches new graduates how to be resourceful, resilient, and flexible for both individual and uncertain times.
University of Kansas
Department of Humanities - Classics
Dr. Tara Welch: There will be an enduring impact on everyone, graduates included. Our graduates are facing a slow economy and a transformation in higher education, but Classics and Archaeology majors are well trained for these circumstances. Classics is an interdisciplinary field and teaches us to look at problems and questions from a variety of perspectives, so Classics majors are versatile and adaptable. We also learn in Classics how to make the most of the limited and often incomplete data. Reconstructing a toppled monument or understanding a fragmentary poem involves some sleuthing and a great deal of logic and critical thinking. Our majors read carefully and work carefully - and they don't shy from complex situations.
Dr. Tara Welch: Technology has already made the ancient world more available and accessible, and digital resources and research tools enable exciting new work to happen without the need to travel. Teachers are also becoming more effective at leading online and hybrid classes. Those are here to stay. In the present climate of social distancing and digital meetings, however, I see a craving for human interaction - those exchanges that remind us that we are spontaneous, creative, and responsive beings. No matter the technology, Classics (like all of the humanities) will always be about humans.

Dr. Daniel Sanford: One of the most interesting changes we've seen since the start of the pandemic is that everyone in higher education has been very quickly acclimated to teaching, learning, and writing using online tools. Graduates are entering a workforce where the same thing has been happening. Coronavirus has shown all of us that we don't need to be in a room together to work and collaborate. This health crisis will recede, but that insight is going to stick around. It's going to be an essential skill for graduates to do good work and to fully participate in workplace cultures, using remote tools.
Dr. Daniel Sanford: What I've seen in college students during this period of intense upheaval is a stronger desire than ever to engage with the world in positive ways. More than ever, the world needs people to work to effect positive change. That happens in fields that are organized around the idea of impacting society and nature in positive ways (e.g., medicine, social advocacy, community organizing, conservation), and those fields are also growing and great places to start a career. But it also happens everywhere, and now more than ever, through writing. The ability to use effective rhetoric (the art of persuasion, built around understanding one's audience) in social media and web writing is incredibly important in engaging with the challenges the world is facing. It's also highly employable!
Bucknell University
Center for Career Advancement
Sarah Bell: Majors in English successfully pursue work in all types of industries and career fields. Their skills in writing, critical thinking, verbal communication, analysis, working in groups, editing, and reading/research makes them quite marketable in a variety of occupations. There are some locations that are more known for certain industries, i.e., upper West Coast for technology, NYC metro area for finance, I-95 corridor for pharmaceuticals and biotech, but many corporations hire in locations all over the country. And with the pandemic, more employers have remote opportunities that don't require a move, at least not until the time we might move out of remote work when possible. We tell our students to talk to professionals in the industries in which they are interested to learn what areas are growing right now and what are not. For example, video and sharing software is growing, food manufacturing, shipping, and sales are growing, certain sectors of healthcare and medical research are growing, etc.
Thomas Reynolds: Technology is constantly changing, and the pandemic has put a wrinkle on innovations that will have an impact on the field of TWC. Yet technical writing and communication have always involved changing technologies -- it is one of the hallmarks of the field. In addition, remote work is common in technical communication, and many scholars have written about the phenomenon, including global virtual teams and distributed workplaces. In any case, technical writers and communicators learn to think about the intersection of technology with the audience.
I think that traditional notions of communication such as establishing a friendly, businesslike ethos and considering the very real material circumstances of audiences, will remain uppermost as graduates adapt to the technological changes. Part of this work will also involve recognizing and working to improve social injustices that employers are increasingly in need of addressing. New technologies that emerge will also be part of the landscape for graduates, and they will be eager to learn these new tools.

University of Oregon
Department of Classics
Cristina Calhoon: Even before the pandemic, Classics-and the Humanities in general-had been coping with existential threats arising from the grafting of business models onto higher education. Administrators' exaggerated emphasis on metrics, a widespread mentality privileging "practical" skills over a more comprehensive education, and the prohibitive cost of college had forced Classics to adapt to changes.
Mergers with other departments and language programs, the fostering of distance learning and digital competence, curricula driven by large-enrollment courses in classics in English translation allowed some Classics programs to survive. The pandemic has made us rely more on the distance learning approach, but we still maintain most of our offerings. Some of our graduates are double majors, a solution I recommend when advising students who-dazzled by Classical Mythology or Archeology or other Classics courses-decide to switch from their "practical" major to Classics. Others decide to minor in Classics (Latin, Greek or Classical Civilization), because they still see great personal value in pursuing these studies.
Studying Latin or ancient Greek opens one's mind in so many different ways, all beneficial even from a "practical" standpoint: vocabulary skills, memorization, analytical skills are necessary and transferable to any job. How does one learn to solve problems logically? By learning to organize Latin and Greek linguistic structures that work like jigsaw puzzles, unlike many modern Western languages. English is peppered with words of Latin and Greek origin, and our institutions (democracy, republic, libraries, the foundations of the western legal system, to quote just a few basic ones) are largely based on Greco-Roman ones. All this background knowledge gives our graduates a solid, comprehensive intellectual grounding and an enhanced view of our current predicament within a universal framework.
Edith Borbon: I don't think so. The jobs will still be there, whether in-person or otherwise. Much of regular face-to-face teaching and interpreting has transitioned online. These fields will go back to face-to-face modality when conditions become safe once again. Of course, online learning has already been in existence, and so have the phone and video interpreting. And translation can always be done in the office or remotely.

Sam Houston State University
Department of English
Brian Blackburne: I think that the coronavirus pandemic is going to have enduring impacts on nearly all sectors of the workplace, but these changes won't necessarily be bad. For example, graduates who are entering the technical/professional-writing market will probably find more opportunities for remote working, so opportunities will be potentially more available for people who want to remain in Texas but who want to work in industries that are typically associated with other regions of the country (or world). Some fields, such as oil and gas, may see declines, but others will blossom-as we've seen in recent months. Technical writers have opportunities to choose-or change-fields based on market forces or desires to try new things.
Brian Blackburne: Technology is definitely affecting the field relative to the amount of remote work that is taking place. I suspect that this trend will continue over the next few years. As industries adapt to new working models, new technologies will be developed. And those technologies will require the support of technical communicators. Writers from our field are integral to the design, development, testing, and documentation of new technologies. And those are just the activities that happen on the development side (or internally). Technical communicators also create external texts, such as user documentation, promotional materials, training videos, etc. Technical communicators are truly involved in all aspects of emerging technologies, so their skills should continue to be in demand as technologies develop over the next five years-and beyond.
Southern Utah University
Romance Languages, Literatures, And Linguistics
Carlos Bertoglio: Every challenge brings opportunities, so I do believe this pandemic has forced us out of our comfort zones and has shown us new opportunities for professional growth and diversification. Those who can take advantage of these strange and confusing times will benefit the most. Another impact of the pandemic that graduate programs and universities in the US might start to see is the decreasing diversity of their students due to travel restrictions, immigration hurdles, and better opportunities in other countries. This will undoubtedly affect the competitiveness of said programs and institutions.

Emily Griesinger Ph.D.: I would say "don't give up" because your literacy gifts are especially needed right now. Those who have done excellent critical thinking and writing as English majors can make persuasive arguments and discern the credibility of arguments being consumed by others, who may not be so discerning. Based on years of reading and interpreting great literature, you can "read" characters, why people do what they do, and the capacity to imagine the joys and sorrows of other human beings. So, my general advice would be to consider how to market such skills in creative ways for the common good.

Independence Community College
History
Bridget Carson: To graduating English Majors: What's different for you entering this economy? It's you. You bring to the fore skills that you have cultivated in writing and analysis in your dive into the human condition through literature. Employers need people who can manage the sensitivity and connection of their written communications. That's you. They need people with your attention to detail. That's you. They need people with your ability to learn the world of their business culture as quickly as you do a dystopian future novel. Also, you. In a world physically distanced by an illness, you are on the front lines of connecting us with language. Suppose you want to teach or be a professional writer, excellent. But, don't shy away from learning on the job in either the Private or Public sectors, and studying English taught you how to learn and how to connect. The job title is just what you put on your taxes. Help us connect better.
Bridget Carson: Support add-ons to video conferencing are going to become part of our lives. I think short videos will continue to become part of both professional and personal life. Online forms will become more critical. I believe that there will be more tools to help us catch the missteps in our formal writing and that a black market of paper writers for hire and terrible thesaurus generators will proliferate. But, otherwise, I look forward to the surprises.
Bridget Carson: Yes. I think many of the economic markers are false idols that don't indicate the value of life, just when you bought a dishwasher. They may buy one later, but that isn't an indication of success. An enduring impact on this set of graduates, I think, will be in their planning and reaction to disappointment. I hope they embrace uncertainty. I hope they become people who prepare several variations of plans that can achieve the same outcomes by different means. I hope they are people who can mourn unfulfilled expectations and learn to release them like fall leaves, shed to be renewed.
Morgan State University
English Department
Tristan Abbott Ph.D.: I would hesitate to venture a guess as to what the next several months will look like, let alone the next several years. Studies have repeatedly shown, however, that people who enter into the job market during economic downturns suffer for the rest of their lives-their pay is lower, their positions are less secure, and this never changes for those particular graduates even as the economy inevitably recovers. We had just started, very belatedly, to overcome the '08 economic crash's adverse effects when COVID hit. There's little sign of any political will to provide relief to workers and small business owners. Things do not look good for any workers right now, especially those just entering the job market.
Tristan Abbott Ph.D.: Are you referring to specific academic disciplines or geographic areas? Hiring appears to be at a standstill for everyone, everywhere.
Tristan Abbott Ph.D.: Online learning is essential during a pandemic, and it serves some purpose during regular times. Not that all students and teachers have to deal with online learning platforms; however, their technological limitations are becoming quickly evident. I suspect we will see these platforms make some gestures toward being more reliable and doing a better job of replicating the in-person classroom experience. Still, I doubt these changes will make much of a difference.

Dr. Scott Blanchard Ph.D.: Keep an open mind, and realize that the business world can have some quite exciting opportunities.
Dr. Scott Blanchard Ph.D.: I can't speak with much authority about technology. I think that we have yet to determine how 5G technology will transform the world. Some futurists suggest that humans will only have to put in about half the hours they do now in the future.

Mark Lounibos: Don't panic. This is a disorienting, disruptive time for everyone. Graduates with English degrees are actually in a strong position to leverage their skills and training across a range of careers. Their facility with language, communication, and critical thinking is ideally suited to the online, remote workplace. The key is to be as prepared and open to working in that kind of setting.