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Bei Jing history
Bei Jing company history timeline
The population grew again so that Beijing was the largest city in the world from 1710 to 1825.
By 1825, 1.3 million people lived there.
In its decline, the Qing proved impotent to stop humiliating foreign encroachment. It lost the first Opium War to Great Britain in 1842 and was forced to cede Hong Kong "in perpetuity" as a result.
In 1860, during the Second Opium War, English and French troops took control of greater Beijing and the Forbidden City and occupied it until the end of the war.
In 1860 a combined British and French force stormed Beijing and razed the Old Summer Palace.
In 1900, Empress Dowager Cixi fled from the Forbidden City during the Boxer Rebellion.
The Manchu invaders established the Qing Empire (1644–1912). Beijing was their capital until the end of their reign in modern times.
The city came under increasing pressure from the Japanese, who established the puppet state of Manchukuo in Manchuria in 1931.
Patriotism intensified, and in 1937 Japanese imperial armies stormed across Beijing's Marco Polo Bridge to launch a brutal eight-year occupation.
The Japanese created a puppet government, and Beijing became the capital of the Japanese-controlled territory until 1945.
Chairman Mao himself declared the founding of a new nation from the rostrum atop the Gate of Heavenly Peace on October 1, 1949.
Since 1949 the greatest changes in Beijing’s appearance have been the extension of its streets immediately outside the former old city walls and the accelerating pace of new construction throughout the city.
To cope with the rapid population growth, a number of housing projects have been constructed for office and factory workers since 1949.
In 1949, with the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing (with its old name restored) was chosen as the capital of the new regime.
The present metropolitan boundary was established in 1959.
The Forbidden City is an imperial palace complex at the heart of Beijing, designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987 in recognition of its importance not only as the centre of Chinese power for five centuries but also for its unparalleled architecture and adherence to the practice of feng shui.
The palaces, collectively designated a World Heritage site in 1987, consist of outer throne halls and an inner court.
Beijing hosted the Summer Olympics for the first time in 2008.
In 2011 alone, it had more than 90 million visitors.
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