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Leland Stanford was born on March 9, 1824, in Watervliet, New York.
He was admitted to the New York Bar in 1847, but he moved to Port Huron, Wisconsin, the next year to open his own law office.
After finishing school he began working in a law office and he was admitted to the bar in 1848.
Stanford married Jane Elizabeth Lathrop of Albany, New York, in 1850.
He stayed there until 1852, when his law office burned down.
He later established his own practice in Port Washington, Wisconsin but a fire destroyed it in 1852 and Stanford decided not to rebuild his practice.
In 1856 Stanford moved to Sacramento, where he started business with a brother and quickly entered politics.
1861: Elected first Republican governor of California.
The first Pacific Railway Act (July 1, 1862) authorized the building of the railroad and granted rights of way to the Union Pacific to build westward from Omaha, Neb., and to the Central Pacific to build eastward from Sacramento, Calif.
Stanford, who was governor of California in 1862–63, saw to the company’s financial and political interests in the West.
The Central Pacific began laying track eastward from Sacramento, California, in 1863, and the Union Pacific started westward from Omaha, Nebraska, two years later.
When his term as governor ended in 1863 Stanford devoted all of his energy to the railroad industry.
After he left the governor's office in 1863, he had remained active in influencing legislation in California.
Congress obliged with the second Pacific Railway Act (July 2, 1864), which doubled the size of the land grants and allowed the railroads to sell their own bonds.
The two joined at Promontory Point, Utah, in May 1869.
After the transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, congressional investigations revealed that some railroad entrepreneurs had illegally profiteered from the two Pacific Railway Acts.
They formed the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1870 to purchase and build railroad lines south from San Francisco.
Stanford began devoting less time to his railroad interests around 1870, when his son was born.
In 1885 Stanford's 15-year-old son died of typhoid fever while on vacation in Europe.
Sargent was a personal friend of Huntington, and in 1890 Huntington managed to have Stanford replaced as Southern Pacific president.
Regnery, Dorothy F., The Stanford House in Sacramento: an American treasure, Stanford, Calif. (P.O. Box 2328, Stanford University, Stanford 94305): Stanford Historical Society, 1987. □
Hutchison, John N. "Leland Stanford's Great Vina Ranch." Wines and Vines, March 1993.
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